JEE Chemistry Chemistry In Everyday Life MCQs Set 21

Answer: (d) chemotherapy

Explanation:
1. Chemotherapy means treatment of diseases with chemicals (drugs) that act selectively on the cause of the disease.

Teacher's Note:
1. Identify the key concept in the question first, then check each option against it.
2. Learn the exceptions to general trends, as they are the most common source of questions.

Answer: (d) catalyse biochemical reactions

Explanation:
1. Enzymes are biological catalysts, mostly proteins, that speed up biochemical reactions.

Teacher's Note:
1. Identify the key concept in the question first, then check each option against it.
2. Learn the exceptions to general trends, as they are the most common source of questions.

Answer: (b) Valium

Explanation:
1. Valium (diazepam) acts on the central nervous system and relieves anxiety.
2. Promethazine is an antihistamine, naproxen an analgesic and mifepristone an antifertility drug.

Teacher's Note:
1. Identify the key concept in the question first, then check each option against it.
2. Learn the exceptions to general trends, as they are the most common source of questions.

Answer: (b) antihistamine

Explanation:
1. Terfenadine (Seldane) is an antihistamine that blocks the histamine receptors without causing drowsiness.

Teacher's Note:
1. Identify the key concept in the question first, then check each option against it.
2. Learn the exceptions to general trends, as they are the most common source of questions.

Answer: (b) Tofranil

Explanation:
1. Tofranil (imipramine) and iproniazid are antidepressants.

Teacher's Note:
1. Identify the key concept in the question first, then check each option against it.
2. Learn the exceptions to general trends, as they are the most common source of questions.

Answer: (d) tranquillizers

Explanation:
1. Derivatives such as veronal and luminal (phenobarbitone) are barbiturates, which are tranquillizers/sedatives.

Teacher's Note:
1. Identify the key concept in the question first, then check each option against it.
2. Learn the exceptions to general trends, as they are the most common source of questions.

Answer: (a) Luminal

Explanation:
1. Luminal (phenobarbitone) is a barbiturate used to induce sleep.

Teacher's Note:
1. Identify the key concept in the question first, then check each option against it.
2. Learn the exceptions to general trends, as they are the most common source of questions.

Answer: (b) an antipyretic

Explanation:
1. Aspirin is an analgesic, antipyretic and anti-inflammatory drug.

Teacher's Note:
1. Identify the key concept in the question first, then check each option against it.
2. Learn the exceptions to general trends, as they are the most common source of questions.

Answer: (a) aspirin

Explanation:
1. Aspirin prevents platelet clumping (anti-blood-clotting action), so low doses reduce the risk of heart attacks.

Teacher's Note:
1. Identify the key concept in the question first, then check each option against it.
2. Learn the exceptions to general trends, as they are the most common source of questions.

Answer: (c) N-acetyl-p-aminophenol (paracetamol)

Explanation:
1. Paracetamol is a non-narcotic analgesic and antipyretic.
2. Morphine is a narcotic; diazepam and THC alter mood.

Teacher's Note:
1. Identify the key concept in the question first, then check each option against it.
2. Learn the exceptions to general trends, as they are the most common source of questions.

Answer: (a) acetylsalicylic acid

Explanation:
1. Aspirin is 2-acetoxybenzoic acid, i.e. acetylsalicylic acid.

Teacher's Note:
1. Identify the key concept in the question first, then check each option against it.
2. Learn the exceptions to general trends, as they are the most common source of questions.

Answer: (d) Valium

Explanation:
1. Ibuprofen, naproxen and aspirin are non-narcotic analgesics.
2. Valium is a tranquilizer.

Teacher's Note:
1. Identify the key concept in the question first, then check each option against it.
2. Learn the exceptions to general trends, as they are the most common source of questions.

Answer: (d) It belongs to the narcotic analgesics

Explanation:
1. Aspirin is a non-narcotic analgesic, so it is not a narcotic.

Teacher's Note:
1. Identify the key concept in the question first, then check each option against it.
2. Learn the exceptions to general trends, as they are the most common source of questions.

Answer: (a) tuberculosis

Explanation:
1. Streptomycin was the first effective antibiotic against tuberculosis.

Teacher's Note:
1. Identify the key concept in the question first, then check each option against it.
2. Learn the exceptions to general trends, as they are the most common source of questions.

Answer: (c) Gammexane

Explanation:
1. Gammexane (lindane, BHC) is an insecticide.

Teacher's Note:
1. Identify the key concept in the question first, then check each option against it.
2. Learn the exceptions to general trends, as they are the most common source of questions.

Answer: (a) Alexander Fleming

Explanation:
1. Alexander Fleming discovered penicillin in 1929 from the mould Penicillium notatum.

Teacher's Note:
1. Identify the key concept in the question first, then check each option against it.
2. Learn the exceptions to general trends, as they are the most common source of questions.

Answer: (d) chloroxylenol and terpineol

Explanation:
1. Dettol contains chloroxylenol (4-chloro-3,5-dimethylphenol) and terpineol.

Teacher's Note:
1. Identify the key concept in the question first, then check each option against it.
2. Learn the exceptions to general trends, as they are the most common source of questions.

Answer: (a) quinine

Explanation:
1. Quinine, chloroquine and paludrine are antimalarial drugs.

Teacher's Note:
1. Identify the key concept in the question first, then check each option against it.
2. Learn the exceptions to general trends, as they are the most common source of questions.

Answer: (d) Chloramphenicol

Explanation:
1. Chloramphenicol contains an aromatic nitro group and is a broad-spectrum antibiotic.

Teacher's Note:
1. Identify the key concept in the question first, then check each option against it.
2. Learn the exceptions to general trends, as they are the most common source of questions.

Answer: (c) syphilis

Explanation:
1. Salvarsan (arsphenamine) was the first synthetic drug for syphilis.

Teacher's Note:
1. Identify the key concept in the question first, then check each option against it.
2. Learn the exceptions to general trends, as they are the most common source of questions.

Answer: (d) antifertility drug

Explanation:
1. Novestrol (mestranol) is a synthetic estrogen derivative used in birth control pills.

Teacher's Note:
1. Identify the key concept in the question first, then check each option against it.
2. Learn the exceptions to general trends, as they are the most common source of questions.

Answer: (c) a mixture of estrogen and progesterone derivatives

Explanation:
1. They contain synthetic estrogen and progesterone derivatives that suppress ovulation.

Teacher's Note:
1. Identify the key concept in the question first, then check each option against it.
2. Learn the exceptions to general trends, as they are the most common source of questions.

Answer: (a) antacid (to reduce acid secretion)

Explanation:
1. Cimetidine prevents the interaction of histamine with the receptors in the stomach wall, reducing acid release.

Teacher's Note:
1. Identify the key concept in the question first, then check each option against it.
2. Learn the exceptions to general trends, as they are the most common source of questions.

Answer: (b) arsphenamine

Explanation:
1. Paul Ehrlich's arsphenamine (salvarsan) was the first chemotherapeutic agent against syphilis.

Teacher's Note:
1. Identify the key concept in the question first, then check each option against it.
2. Learn the exceptions to general trends, as they are the most common source of questions.

Answer: (a) a food preservative

Explanation:
1. Sodium benzoate, and salts of sorbic and propanoic acids, are food preservatives.

Teacher's Note:
1. Identify the key concept in the question first, then check each option against it.
2. Learn the exceptions to general trends, as they are the most common source of questions.