JEE Chemistry Biomolecules MCQs Set 19

Download JEE MCQs for JEE Chemistry: Biomolecules

Explore reliable objective questions for Biomolecules tailored for JEE learners. Utilizing these Chemistry multiple-choice formats ensures thorough preparation and strengthens problem-solving speed for upcoming school assessments.

Chapter-wise Objective Questions: Biomolecules

Access the complete set of multiple-choice questions for Biomolecules below. This focused format allows students to isolate specific topics for thorough review and uninterrupted practice alongside official JEE textbooks.

Multiple Choice Questions

Question 1: Vitamin B1 is
(a) riboflavin
(b) cobalamin
(c) thiamine
(d) pyridoxine
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (c) thiamine

Explanation:
1. Thiamine is vitamin B1.

Teacher's Note:
1. Eliminate options by checking functional groups on both sides of the reaction.
2. Only one option will have the correct functional group and carbon skeleton.

Question 2: A gene is a segment of a molecule of
(a) DNA
(b) m-RNA
(c) t-RNA
(d) protein
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (a) DNA

Explanation:
1. Genes are made of DNA.

Teacher's Note:
1. Revise the physical properties such as hydrogen bonding and boiling points together with the chemistry.
2. Compare similar compounds in pairs when you are asked to rank them.

Question 3: The deficiency of vitamin C causes
(a) scurvy
(b) rickets
(c) pyorrhoea
(d) pernicious anaemia
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (a) scurvy

Explanation:
1. Lack of ascorbic acid gives scurvy.

Teacher's Note:
1. Learn the reactivity order of acid derivatives: acyl chloride, anhydride, ester, amide.
2. Most questions of this type are solved by recalling the standard reagent and product pair.

Question 4: DNA contains the sugar
(a) deoxyribose
(b) ribose
(c) D-fructose
(d) D-glucose
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (a) deoxyribose

Explanation:
1. 2-Deoxy-D-ribose has no oxygen at C2.

Teacher's Note:
1. Always link acid strength to the stability of the carboxylate ion.
2. Electron-withdrawing groups increase acidity and electron-donating groups decrease it.

Question 5: Which of the following is not a sex hormone?
(a) testosterone
(b) estrone
(c) estradiol
(d) cortisone
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (d) cortisone

Explanation:
1. Cortisone is an adrenal corticosteroid.

Teacher's Note:
1. Note the name reaction and write its equation once in your notebook.
2. Such one-step recall questions are common in the JEE and NEET style papers.

Question 6: Acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) is characterised by
(a) killer T-cells
(b) reduction in the number of helper T-cells
(c) an autoimmune disease
(d) inability of the body to produce interferons
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (b) reduction in the number of helper T-cells

Explanation:
1. HIV destroys helper T-cells.

Teacher's Note:
1. Count carbons before and after the reaction to avoid mistakes in chain-length changes.
2. Check whether the reagent is a reducing, oxidising or dehydrating agent before choosing the product.

Question 7: The base present in DNA, but not in RNA, is
(a) guanine
(b) adenine
(c) uracil
(d) thymine
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (d) thymine

Explanation:
1. RNA has uracil in place of thymine.

Teacher's Note:
1. Eliminate options by checking functional groups on both sides of the reaction.
2. Only one option will have the correct functional group and carbon skeleton.

Question 8: Mutation of DNA occurs due to changes in the sequence of one of the following.
(a) bases
(b) ribose units
(c) phosphate units
(d) sugar units
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (a) bases

Explanation:
1. A change in the base sequence alters the genetic code.

Teacher's Note:
1. Revise the physical properties such as hydrogen bonding and boiling points together with the chemistry.
2. Compare similar compounds in pairs when you are asked to rank them.

Question 9: Blood calcium level can be increased by the administration of
(a) glucagon
(b) calcitonin
(c) thyroxine
(d) parathormone
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (d) parathormone

Explanation:
1. Parathormone raises blood calcium and calcitonin lowers it.

Teacher's Note:
1. Learn the reactivity order of acid derivatives: acyl chloride, anhydride, ester, amide.
2. Most questions of this type are solved by recalling the standard reagent and product pair.

Question 10: A purine derivative among the following bases is
(a) guanine
(b) cytosine
(c) thymine
(d) uracil
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (a) guanine

Explanation:
1. Guanine and adenine are purines.
2. The others are pyrimidines.

Teacher's Note:
1. Always link acid strength to the stability of the carboxylate ion.
2. Electron-withdrawing groups increase acidity and electron-donating groups decrease it.

Question 11: RNA is different from DNA because RNA contains
(a) ribose sugar and thymine
(b) ribose sugar and uracil
(c) deoxyribose sugar and thymine
(d) deoxyribose sugar and uracil
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (b) ribose sugar and uracil

Explanation:
1. RNA has ribose and uracil.

Teacher's Note:
1. Note the name reaction and write its equation once in your notebook.
2. Such one-step recall questions are common in the JEE and NEET style papers.

Question 12: Deficiency of which vitamin causes rickets?
(a) vitamin D
(b) vitamin B
(c) vitamin A
(d) vitamin K
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (a) vitamin D

Explanation:
1. Lack of vitamin D weakens bones.

Teacher's Note:
1. Count carbons before and after the reaction to avoid mistakes in chain-length changes.
2. Check whether the reagent is a reducing, oxidising or dehydrating agent before choosing the product.

Question 13: Which of the following vitamins has isoprene units in its structure?
(a) vitamin A
(b) vitamin C
(c) vitamin B2
(d) vitamin D
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (a) vitamin A

Explanation:
1. Vitamin A (retinol) is a terpenoid built from isoprene units.

Teacher's Note:
1. Eliminate options by checking functional groups on both sides of the reaction.
2. Only one option will have the correct functional group and carbon skeleton.

Question 14: The reason for the double helical structure of DNA is operation of
(a) van der Waals forces
(b) dipole-dipole interaction
(c) hydrogen bonding
(d) electrostatic attractions
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (c) hydrogen bonding

Explanation:
1. Hydrogen bonds between base pairs hold the two strands together.

Teacher's Note:
1. Revise the physical properties such as hydrogen bonding and boiling points together with the chemistry.
2. Compare similar compounds in pairs when you are asked to rank them.

Question 15: The tripeptide hormone present in most living cells is
(a) glutathione
(b) glutamine
(c) oxytocin
(d) ptyalin
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (a) glutathione

Explanation:
1. Glutathione is the tripeptide Glu-Cys-Gly.

Teacher's Note:
1. Learn the reactivity order of acid derivatives: acyl chloride, anhydride, ester, amide.
2. Most questions of this type are solved by recalling the standard reagent and product pair.

Question 16: The function of DNA in an organism is
(a) to assist in the synthesis of RNA molecules
(b) to store information of heredity characteristics
(c) to assist in the synthesis of proteins and polypeptides
(d) all of these
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (d) all of these

Explanation:
1. DNA stores genetic information that is transcribed to RNA and then translated into protein.

Teacher's Note:
1. Always link acid strength to the stability of the carboxylate ion.
2. Electron-withdrawing groups increase acidity and electron-donating groups decrease it.

Question 17: The hormone that helps in the conversion of glucose to glycogen in the body is
(a) adrenaline
(b) insulin
(c) cortisone
(d) bile acids
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (b) insulin

Explanation:
1. Insulin promotes glycogen formation in the liver.

Teacher's Note:
1. Note the name reaction and write its equation once in your notebook.
2. Such one-step recall questions are common in the JEE and NEET style papers.

Question 18: Insulin production and its action in the human body are responsible for the level of diabetes. This compound belongs to which of the following categories?
(a) an enzyme
(b) a hormone
(c) a co-enzyme
(d) an antibiotic
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (b) a hormone

Explanation:
1. Insulin is a peptide hormone.

Teacher's Note:
1. Count carbons before and after the reaction to avoid mistakes in chain-length changes.
2. Check whether the reagent is a reducing, oxidising or dehydrating agent before choosing the product.

Question 19: A codon is present in
(a) t-RNA
(b) m-RNA
(c) r-RNA
(d) all of these
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (b) m-RNA

Explanation:
1. Codons are triplets on m-RNA.
2. Anticodons are on t-RNA.

Teacher's Note:
1. Eliminate options by checking functional groups on both sides of the reaction.
2. Only one option will have the correct functional group and carbon skeleton.

Question 20: Nucleic acid is a polymer of
(a) nucleosides
(b) alpha-amino acids
(c) nucleotides
(d) glucose
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (c) nucleotides

Explanation:
1. Nucleotides are joined by phosphodiester bonds.

Teacher's Note:
1. Revise the physical properties such as hydrogen bonding and boiling points together with the chemistry.
2. Compare similar compounds in pairs when you are asked to rank them.

Question 21: A nucleoside on hydrolysis gives
(a) a heterocyclic base and orthophosphoric acid
(b) an aldopentose, a heterocyclic base and orthophosphoric acid
(c) an aldopentose and a heterocyclic base
(d) an aldopentose and orthophosphoric acid
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (c) an aldopentose and a heterocyclic base

Explanation:
1. A nucleoside is sugar plus base, with no phosphate.

Teacher's Note:
1. Learn the reactivity order of acid derivatives: acyl chloride, anhydride, ester, amide.
2. Most questions of this type are solved by recalling the standard reagent and product pair.

Question 22: An alteration in the base sequence of a nucleic acid molecule is called
(a) replication
(b) duplication
(c) mutation
(d) dislocation
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (c) mutation

Explanation:
1. A change in the base sequence is a mutation.

Teacher's Note:
1. Always link acid strength to the stability of the carboxylate ion.
2. Electron-withdrawing groups increase acidity and electron-donating groups decrease it.

Question 23: Vitamin B6 is known as
(a) pyridoxine
(b) thiamine
(c) tocopherol
(d) riboflavin
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (a) pyridoxine

Explanation:
1. Pyridoxine is vitamin B6.

Teacher's Note:
1. Note the name reaction and write its equation once in your notebook.
2. Such one-step recall questions are common in the JEE and NEET style papers.

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Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs) for JEE Chemistry Biomolecules

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FAQs

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