JEE Chemistry Biomolecules MCQs Set 11

Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs) for JEE Chemistry: Biomolecules

Review structured MCQ sets for JEE Chemistry Biomolecules. Built according to official JEE guidelines, these downloadable questions support daily revision and core concept reinforcement.

Practice Biomolecules MCQs for JEE Chemistry

Navigate directly to the 50 objective questions for Biomolecules using the digital viewer below. Each practice set includes verified answer keys, allowing students to instantly cross-check their work and identify areas requiring further revision.

Multiple Choice Questions

Question 1: Gun-cotton is obtained when conc. nitric acid reacts with
(a) glycerine
(b) cellulose
(c) glycol
(d) starch
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (b) cellulose

Explanation:
1. Nitration of cellulose gives cellulose nitrate.

Teacher's Note:
1. Eliminate options by checking functional groups on both sides of the reaction.
2. Only one option will have the correct functional group and carbon skeleton.

Question 2: A carbohydrate consists of
(a) C and O
(b) C, H and O
(c) C, H, N and O
(d) C and H
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (b) C, H and O

Explanation:
1. Carbohydrates are made of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen only.

Teacher's Note:
1. Revise the physical properties such as hydrogen bonding and boiling points together with the chemistry.
2. Compare similar compounds in pairs when you are asked to rank them.

Question 3: Glucose and fructose form
(a) the same osazone
(b) the same acid on oxidation
(c) the same alcohol when reduced
(d) different osazones
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (a) the same osazone

Explanation:
1. Only C1 and C2 react with phenylhydrazine, and these two sugars have the same configuration at C3 to C5, so the osazone is the same.

Teacher's Note:
1. Learn the reactivity order of acid derivatives: acyl chloride, anhydride, ester, amide.
2. Most questions of this type are solved by recalling the standard reagent and product pair.

Question 4: On heating with conc. H2SO4, sucrose gives
(a) CO and CO2
(b) CO and SO2
(c) CO, CO2 and SO2
(d) none of these
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (c) CO, CO2 and SO2

Explanation:
1. Sucrose is dehydrated to carbon, which is then oxidised by the acid to CO, CO2 with SO2.

Teacher's Note:
1. Always link acid strength to the stability of the carboxylate ion.
2. Electron-withdrawing groups increase acidity and electron-donating groups decrease it.

Question 5: The letter D in carbohydrates represents
(a) its direct synthesis
(b) its dextrorotation
(c) its mutarotation
(d) its configuration
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (d) its configuration

Explanation:
1. D means that the configuration at the highest-numbered chiral carbon matches D-glyceraldehyde, and it says nothing about the sign of rotation.

Teacher's Note:
1. Note the name reaction and write its equation once in your notebook.
2. Such one-step recall questions are common in the JEE and NEET style papers.

Question 6: Starch can be used as an indicator for the detection of traces of
(a) glucose in aqueous solution
(b) protein in blood
(c) iodine in aqueous solution
(d) urea in blood
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (c) iodine in aqueous solution

Explanation:
1. Starch gives a deep blue colour with iodine.

Teacher's Note:
1. Count carbons before and after the reaction to avoid mistakes in chain-length changes.
2. Check whether the reagent is a reducing, oxidising or dehydrating agent before choosing the product.

Question 7: Which one of the following compounds is found abundantly in nature?
(a) fructose
(b) starch
(c) glucose
(d) cellulose
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (d) cellulose

Explanation:
1. Cellulose is the main structural material of plants and the most abundant organic compound.

Teacher's Note:
1. Eliminate options by checking functional groups on both sides of the reaction.
2. Only one option will have the correct functional group and carbon skeleton.

Question 8: The substance that forms plant cell walls and is an essential constituent of plant cells is
(a) cellulose
(b) sucrose
(c) vitamins
(d) starch
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (a) cellulose

Explanation:
1. Cellulose forms the cell wall.

Teacher's Note:
1. Revise the physical properties such as hydrogen bonding and boiling points together with the chemistry.
2. Compare similar compounds in pairs when you are asked to rank them.

Question 9: Sugar can be tested in urine by
(a) Molisch's test
(b) Dunstan's test
(c) Benedict's test
(d) Legal's test
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (c) Benedict's test

Explanation:
1. Benedict's reagent gives a red precipitate with glucose in urine.

Teacher's Note:
1. Learn the reactivity order of acid derivatives: acyl chloride, anhydride, ester, amide.
2. Most questions of this type are solved by recalling the standard reagent and product pair.

Question 10: When sucrose is heated with conc. HNO3, the product is
(a) sucrose nitrate
(b) formic acid
(c) oxalic acid
(d) citric acid
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (c) oxalic acid

Explanation:
1. Strong oxidation of sugars with nitric acid cleaves them to oxalic acid.

Teacher's Note:
1. Always link acid strength to the stability of the carboxylate ion.
2. Electron-withdrawing groups increase acidity and electron-donating groups decrease it.

Question 11: Which of the following statements about ribose is incorrect?
(a) it is a polyhydroxy compound
(b) it is an aldehyde sugar
(c) it has six carbon atoms
(d) it exhibits optical activity
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (c) it has six carbon atoms

Explanation:
1. Ribose is an aldopentose with five carbon atoms.

Teacher's Note:
1. Note the name reaction and write its equation once in your notebook.
2. Such one-step recall questions are common in the JEE and NEET style papers.

Question 12: Maltose contains how many oxygen atoms?
(a) 6
(b) 10
(c) 11
(d) 22
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (c) 11

Explanation:
1. Maltose is C12H22O11.

Teacher's Note:
1. Count carbons before and after the reaction to avoid mistakes in chain-length changes.
2. Check whether the reagent is a reducing, oxidising or dehydrating agent before choosing the product.

Question 13: The correct name of sucrose is
(a) alpha-D-glucopyranosyl-beta-D-fructofuranoside
(b) beta-D-glucopyranosyl-beta-D-fructofuranoside
(c) alpha-D-glucopyranosyl-alpha-D-fructofuranoside
(d) beta-D-glucopyranosyl-alpha-L-fructofuranoside
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (a) alpha-D-glucopyranosyl-beta-D-fructofuranoside

Explanation:
1. Sucrose is linked from C1 of alpha-glucose to C2 of beta-fructose through both anomeric carbons.

Teacher's Note:
1. Eliminate options by checking functional groups on both sides of the reaction.
2. Only one option will have the correct functional group and carbon skeleton.

Question 14: Sucrose is
(a) laevorotatory
(b) dextrorotatory
(c) a racemic mixture
(d) optically inactive
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (b) dextrorotatory

Explanation:
1. Sucrose has a specific rotation of +66.5 degrees.

Teacher's Note:
1. Revise the physical properties such as hydrogen bonding and boiling points together with the chemistry.
2. Compare similar compounds in pairs when you are asked to rank them.

Question 15: The hydrolysis of sucrose produces a mixture which is
(a) laevorotatory
(b) dextrorotatory
(c) equally both (+) and (-) rotatory
(d) optically inactive
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (a) laevorotatory

Explanation:
1. The product (invert sugar) has net rotation about -20 degrees, because fructose (-92 degrees) outweighs glucose (+52.5 degrees).

Teacher's Note:
1. Learn the reactivity order of acid derivatives: acyl chloride, anhydride, ester, amide.
2. Most questions of this type are solved by recalling the standard reagent and product pair.

Question 16: Sucrose is
(a) a reducing sugar
(b) not a reducing sugar
(c) a partial reducing sugar
(d) a mixed sugar
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (b) not a reducing sugar

Explanation:
1. Both anomeric carbons are tied up in the glycosidic link, so it has no free aldehyde or ketone group.

Teacher's Note:
1. Always link acid strength to the stability of the carboxylate ion.
2. Electron-withdrawing groups increase acidity and electron-donating groups decrease it.

Question 17: Sucrose contains which of the following groups?
(a) -CHO
(b) >C=O
(c) both (a) and (b)
(d) none of these
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (d) none of these

Explanation:
1. Neither carbonyl group is free in sucrose.

Teacher's Note:
1. Note the name reaction and write its equation once in your notebook.
2. Such one-step recall questions are common in the JEE and NEET style papers.

Question 18: The fructose molecule in sucrose exists as
(a) furanose
(b) pyranose
(c) open chain
(d) all of these
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (a) furanose

Explanation:
1. Fructose in sucrose is a five-membered furanose ring.

Teacher's Note:
1. Count carbons before and after the reaction to avoid mistakes in chain-length changes.
2. Check whether the reagent is a reducing, oxidising or dehydrating agent before choosing the product.

Question 19: Which of the following is laevorotatory?
(a) glucose
(b) sucrose
(c) fructose
(d) none of these
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (c) fructose

Explanation:
1. Fructose is called laevulose, with [alpha]D = -92 degrees.

Teacher's Note:
1. Eliminate options by checking functional groups on both sides of the reaction.
2. Only one option will have the correct functional group and carbon skeleton.

Question 20: Chemically, digestion is
(a) hydrolysis
(b) change in bacteria
(c) hydrogenation
(d) dehydration
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (a) hydrolysis

Explanation:
1. Enzymes hydrolyse large food molecules into small ones.

Teacher's Note:
1. Revise the physical properties such as hydrogen bonding and boiling points together with the chemistry.
2. Compare similar compounds in pairs when you are asked to rank them.

Question 21: Which one of the following is the reagent used to identify glucose?
(a) neutral ferric chloride
(b) chloroform and alcoholic KOH
(c) ammoniacal silver nitrate
(d) sodium ethoxide
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (c) ammoniacal silver nitrate

Explanation:
1. Tollens' reagent gives a silver mirror with glucose.

Teacher's Note:
1. Learn the reactivity order of acid derivatives: acyl chloride, anhydride, ester, amide.
2. Most questions of this type are solved by recalling the standard reagent and product pair.

Question 22: Sucrose on hydrolysis gives
(a) two molecules of glucose
(b) two molecules of fructose
(c) one molecule each of glucose and fructose
(d) one molecule each of glucose and mannose
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (c) one molecule each of glucose and fructose

Explanation:
1. C12H22O11 + H2O -> C6H12O6 + C6H12O6, glucose plus fructose.

Teacher's Note:
1. Always link acid strength to the stability of the carboxylate ion.
2. Electron-withdrawing groups increase acidity and electron-donating groups decrease it.

Question 23: Which of the following is a disaccharide?
(a) lactose
(b) starch
(c) cellulose
(d) glucose
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (a) lactose

Explanation:
1. Lactose is glucose plus galactose.

Teacher's Note:
1. Note the name reaction and write its equation once in your notebook.
2. Such one-step recall questions are common in the JEE and NEET style papers.

Question 24: Glucose cannot be classified as
(a) a hexose
(b) a carbohydrate
(c) an oligosaccharide
(d) an aldose
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (c) an oligosaccharide

Explanation:
1. Glucose is a monosaccharide, so it is not an oligosaccharide.

Teacher's Note:
1. Count carbons before and after the reaction to avoid mistakes in chain-length changes.
2. Check whether the reagent is a reducing, oxidising or dehydrating agent before choosing the product.

Question 25: The reagent which forms a crystalline osazone derivative when reacted with glucose is
(a) Fehling solution
(b) phenylhydrazine
(c) Benedict solution
(d) hydroxylamine
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (b) phenylhydrazine

Explanation:
1. Excess phenylhydrazine gives a yellow crystalline phenylosazone.

Teacher's Note:
1. Eliminate options by checking functional groups on both sides of the reaction.
2. Only one option will have the correct functional group and carbon skeleton.

Question 26: The enzyme which brings about the conversion of starch into maltose is known as
(a) maltase
(b) zymase
(c) invertase
(d) diastase
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (d) diastase

Explanation:
1. Diastase (amylase) hydrolyses starch to maltose.

Teacher's Note:
1. Revise the physical properties such as hydrogen bonding and boiling points together with the chemistry.
2. Compare similar compounds in pairs when you are asked to rank them.

Question 27: Cane sugar on hydrolysis gives
(a) glucose and maltose
(b) glucose and lactose
(c) glucose and fructose
(d) only glucose
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (c) glucose and fructose

Explanation:
1. Cane sugar is sucrose.

Teacher's Note:
1. Learn the reactivity order of acid derivatives: acyl chloride, anhydride, ester, amide.
2. Most questions of this type are solved by recalling the standard reagent and product pair.

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Biomolecules Objective Questions & Solutions for JEE Chemistry

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FAQs

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