UP Board Solutions Class 8 Hindi Chapter 4 Vibhaktinam Prayoga

प्रथमा

कुलं शीलं ................................................. विनश्यति ॥

हिन्दी अनुवाद-कुल, शील, सत्य, बुद्धि, तेज, धैर्य, बल, गौरव, विश्वास, स्नेह (सब) दरिद्रता से नष्ट होता है।

प्रथम-द्वितीया

गुणो भूषयते ................................................. भूषयते धनम् ॥

हिन्दी अनुवाद-गुण से रूप की शोभा होती है, शील से कुल की शोभा होती है, सिद्धि से विद्या की शोभा होती है (और) भोगों से धन की शोभा होती है।

प्रथमा-तृतीया

मृगाः मृगैः ................................................. सख्यम्

हिन्दी अनुवाद-कार्यों में समान गुण से मेल होता है। हिरन के बच्चे हिरनों के पीछे चलते हैं, गाय के गायों के पीछे, घोड़े के घोड़ों के पीछे, मूर्ख के मूर्खा के पीछे और विद्वान के विद्वानों के पीछे चलते हैं।

चतुर्थी-प्रथमा

दानाय लक्ष्मी ................................................. स एव ॥

हिन्दी अनुवाद- जिसकी लक्ष्मी दान के लिए, जिसकी विद्या अच्छे कार्य के लिए, जिसकी चिन्ता परमब्रह्म के चिन्तन के लिए और जिसकी वाणी परोपकार के लिए होती है, वह तीनों लोकों में अलंकार स्वरूप वन्दनीय, श्रेष्ठ है।

पञ्चमी-प्रथम

विषादष्यमृतं ................................................. दुष्कुलादपि ॥

हिन्दी अनुवाद-विष से अमृत ग्रहण कर लेना चाहिए। सोने को अपवित्र स्थान से भी ग्रहण कर लेना चाहिए, उत्तम विद्या नीच से भी ग्रहण कर लेनी चाहिए और बुरे कुल से भी स्त्री-रत्न (अच्छी स्त्री) ग्रहण कर लेना चाहिए।

षष्ठी-प्रथमा

हस्तस्ये भूषणं ................................................. प्रयोजनम्

हिन्दी अनुवाद-हाथ की शोभा दान से है, कण्ठ की शोभा सत्य (बोलने) से है, कान की शोभा शास्त्र (विद्या) से है। फिर आभूषणों से क्या प्रयोजन? अर्थात् कुछ नहीं है।

सप्तमी

उत्सवे व्यसने ................................................. बान्धवाः ॥

हिन्दी अनुवाद-उत्सव में, व्यसन में (कार्य में), अकाल में, राष्ट्र पर विपत्ति में, राजा के दरबार में और श्मशान में जो साथ देता है, वही बन्धु है।

अभ्यास

Question 1. उच्चारण करें नोट – विद्यार्थी स्वयं उच्चारण करें।
Answer: विद्यार्थी स्वयं इन शब्दों का उच्चारण करके अभ्यास करें।
In simple words: Students should practice pronouncing the given words themselves.

🎯 Exam Tip: Correct pronunciation is crucial for Sanskrit. Ensure you practice each word carefully for clear articulation.

 

Question 2. एक वाक्ये में उत्तर दें
(क) दारिद्रयेण किं विनश्यति?
Answer: दारिद्रयेण बलम् विनश्यति ।
In simple words: Poverty destroys strength.

🎯 Exam Tip: For single-sentence answers, ensure conciseness and direct relevance to the question, using appropriate grammatical forms.

 

Question 2.
(ख) वन्यः कः भवति?
Answer: यस्य लक्ष्मीः दानाय, यस्य विद्या सुकृताये, यस्य चिन्ता परब्रह्य-विनिश्चयाये, यस्य वचांसि परोपकाराय सः वन्दयः ।
In simple words: One whose wealth is for charity, knowledge for good deeds, thoughts for meditation on the Supreme Being, and words for the welfare of others, is worthy of worship.

🎯 Exam Tip: When answering about moral qualities, provide a comprehensive description as given in the source text to score full marks.

 

Question 2.
(ग) श्रोत्रस्य भूषणं किं भवति?
Answer: श्रोत्रस्य भूषणं शास्त्रं भवति ।
In simple words: The ornament of the ear is knowledge (scripture).

🎯 Exam Tip: Identify the key noun and its corresponding quality or attribute to form a precise answer.

 

Question 2.
(घ) बान्धवः कः भवति?
Answer: उत्सवे व्यसने दुर्भिक्षे राष्ट्रविप्लवे राजद्वारे श्मशाने च यः तिष्ठति सः बान्धवः ।
In simple words: A true relative (friend) is one who stands by you in celebrations, sorrows, famine, national calamity, in the king's court, and at the cremation ground.

🎯 Exam Tip: List all criteria mentioned in the original text to fully define the concept of a true 'bandhavah' (relative/friend).

 

Question 3. अधोलिखित पदों में लगे विभक्तियों को बताइए ।

Answer: The table above correctly identifies the vibhakti (grammatical case) for each given pada (word).
In simple words: This question asks to identify the grammatical case (vibhakti) for each Sanskrit word provided.

🎯 Exam Tip: Thorough knowledge of different vibhaktis and their usage with various word endings is essential for accurately identifying them.

 

Question 4. 'पुष्प' शब्द के अलग-अलग विभक्तियों के सात रूप दिए गए हैं। उचित रूप का चयन कर वाक्य पूरा करें (वाक्य पूरा करके)
(क) पुष्पम् विकसति ।
Answer: पुष्पम् विकसति ।
In simple words: The flower blooms.

🎯 Exam Tip: Choose the correct case ending for 'pushpa' that grammatically fits the verb and subject in the sentence.

 

Question 4.
(ख) पुष्पाणि आनय ।
Answer: पुष्पाणि आनय ।
In simple words: Bring flowers.

🎯 Exam Tip: Understand the context of the sentence (plural object) to select the appropriate plural form of 'pushpa'.

 

Question 4.
(ग) पुष्पात सुगन्धं प्रसरति।
Answer: पुष्पात सुगन्धं प्रसरति।
In simple words: Fragrance spreads from the flower.

🎯 Exam Tip: The ablative case (पंचमी विभक्ति) is used to indicate 'from' or 'separation', which is key here for 'from the flower'.

 

Question 4.
(घ) पुष्पैः आपणं गच्छ ।
Answer: पुष्पैः आपणं गच्छ ।
In simple words: Go to the market with flowers.

🎯 Exam Tip: The instrumental case (तृतीया विभक्ति) is used to denote 'with' or 'by means of', correctly applied here for 'with flowers'.

 

Question 4.
(ङ) पुष्पेषु मधु गृहीत्वा भ्रमरः उड्डयति ।
Answer: पुष्पेषु मधु गृहीत्वा भ्रमरः उड्डयति ।
In simple words: The bee takes honey from the flowers and flies away.

🎯 Exam Tip: The locative plural 'pushpeshu' (on/in flowers) is appropriate when referring to the source of honey for multiple flowers.

 

Question 4.
(च) पुष्पेभ्यः माला आकर्षक भवति ।
Answer: पुष्पेभ्यः माला आकर्षक भवति ।
In simple words: A garland becomes attractive from flowers.

🎯 Exam Tip: Dative/ablative plural 'pushpebhyah' can indicate 'for' or 'from' in a plural context, fitting the formation of a garland from many flowers.

 

Question 4.
(छ) पुष्पाणाम् भ्रमराः गुञ्जन्ति ।
Answer: पुष्पाणाम् भ्रमराः गुञ्जन्ति ।
In simple words: Bees hum among the flowers.

🎯 Exam Tip: The genitive plural 'pushpanam' (of flowers) is used to show possession or relationship, here indicating bees buzzing 'of' or 'among' flowers.

 

Question 5. संस्कृत में अनुवाद करें
(क) दरिद्रता से बल नष्ट होता है।
Answer: अनुवाद : दारिद्रयेण बलम् विनश्यति ।
In simple words: This sentence translates the Hindi statement about poverty destroying strength into Sanskrit.

🎯 Exam Tip: Use the instrumental case for the cause ('daridryena' - by poverty) and ensure correct verb conjugation.

 

Question 5.
गुण से रूप की शोभा होती है।
Answer: अनुवाद : गुणो भूषयते रूप।
In simple words: This translates the Hindi sentence about virtue adorning beauty into Sanskrit.

🎯 Exam Tip: Identify the subject (guna) and object (rupa) and use the appropriate verb for 'adorns' in Sanskrit.

 

Question 5.
सोने को अपवित्र स्थान से भी ग्रहण कर लेना चाहिए।
Answer: अनुवाद : अमेध्यादपित ग्राहयम काञ्चनम्।
In simple words: This translates the Hindi sentence about accepting gold from an impure place into Sanskrit.

🎯 Exam Tip: The ablative case ('amedhyadapi' - even from an impure place) is crucial for expressing 'from'.

 

Question 5.
हाथ की शोभा दान से होती है।
Answer: अनुवाद : हस्तस्य भूषणं दान ।
In simple words: This translates the Hindi sentence about charity being the adornment of the hand into Sanskrit.

🎯 Exam Tip: Use the genitive case ('hastasya' - of the hand) to show possession and 'danam' (charity) as the ornament.

 

Question 5.
परोपकारी पूज्य होता है।
Answer: अनुवाद : परोपकारी वन्दनीयः अस्ति ।
In simple words: This translates the Hindi sentence about a benevolent person being revered into Sanskrit.

🎯 Exam Tip: Ensure agreement in gender and number for the adjective ('vandaniyah' - revered) and the noun ('paropakaari' - benevolent person).

 

Question 6. हिन्दी में अनुवाद करें
(क) शीलं भूषयते कुलम् ।
Answer: अनुवाद : शील से कुल की शोभा होती है।
In simple words: This translates the Sanskrit verse about good character adorning the family into Hindi.

🎯 Exam Tip: Accurately translate Sanskrit terms like 'sheelam' (good character) and 'kulam' (family) and conjugate the verb 'bhushayate' (adorns) correctly in Hindi.

 

Question 6.
समान-शील-व्यसनेषु सख्यम् ।।
Answer: अनुवाद : कार्यों में समान गुण से मेला होता है।
In simple words: This translates the Sanskrit verse about friendship (sakhya) being among those with similar character and habits into Hindi.

🎯 Exam Tip: Focus on translating 'samaana-sheela-vyasaneshu' (among those of similar character and habits) and 'sakhyam' (friendship/association) accurately.

 

Question 6.
विषादप्यमृतं ग्राह्यम् ।।
Answer: अनुवाद : विष से भी अमृत ग्रहण कर लेना चाहिए।
In simple words: This translates the Sanskrit verse about accepting nectar even from poison into Hindi.

🎯 Exam Tip: Pay attention to 'vishadapi' (even from poison) and 'amritam grahyam' (nectar should be accepted) for a precise translation.

 

Question 6.
हस्तस्य भूषणं किम् अस्ति?
Answer: अनुवाद : हाथ की शोभा किससे होती है?
In simple words: This translates the Sanskrit question "What is the ornament of the hand?" into Hindi.

🎯 Exam Tip: Translate interrogative pronouns like 'kim' (what) and genitive case forms like 'hastasya' (of the hand) correctly.

 

Question 6.
बान्धवः कः भवति?
Answer: अनुवाद : बन्धु कौन होता है?
In simple words: This translates the Sanskrit question "Who is a relative/friend?" into Hindi.

🎯 Exam Tip: Accurately translate the interrogative pronoun 'kah' (who) and the noun 'bandhavah' (relative/friend).

 

Question 7. सही जोड़े बनाइए-

Answer: The table above shows the correct matching of each word with its corresponding vibhakti.
In simple words: This task requires matching Sanskrit words with their correct grammatical cases (vibhakti).

🎯 Exam Tip: Practice identifying the vibhaktis of various nouns by observing their endings and understanding their usage in sentences.