UP Board Solutions Class 10 Commerce Chapter 8 Time and Labour Saving Appliances in Business Off

Time And Labour Saving Appliances In Business Office Objective Type Questions (1 Mark)

Question 1. Which machines are used for addition, subtraction, multiplication and division?
(a) Typing
(b) Punching
(c) Fax
(d) Calculating
Answer: (d) Calculating
In simple words: Calculating machines are electronic or mechanical devices designed to perform arithmetic operations like addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division quickly and accurately.

🎯 Exam Tip: Understanding the basic functions of office machines is crucial for scoring well in objective type questions.

Question 2. Which machines provide a printed record of the items added?
(a) Fax
(b) Adding
(c) Punching
(d) Typing
Answer: (b) Adding
In simple words: Adding machines specifically process numerical data and provide a paper tape printout of the calculations performed.

🎯 Exam Tip: Differentiate between calculating machines (which perform all four operations) and adding machines (which often focus on addition and print results).

Question 3. ................. machine prints addresses on envelops, wrappers, news- paper etc.
(a) Fax
(b) Adding
(c) Calculating
(d) Addressing
Answer: (d) Addressing
In simple words: Addressing machines are specialized devices used to print addresses repeatedly on various mail items like envelopes and newspapers, saving time and effort.

🎯 Exam Tip: Recognize the specific utility of specialized office equipment, as this often indicates the correct answer in fill-in-the-blank questions.

Question 4. ................. developed punched card system.
(a) Dr. Harman Hallerith and Mr. James Pones
(b) Dr. Robert Desouza and Mr. James Pones
(c) Dr. Harman Hollerith and Dr. Robert Desouza
(d) Mr. S. G. William and Mr. James Pones
Answer:
(a) Dr. Harman Hallerith and Mr. James Pones
In simple words: Dr. Harman Hallerith and Mr. James Pones are credited with developing the punched card system, a foundational technology for data processing.

🎯 Exam Tip: Knowing the historical figures behind key business technologies can be a direct scoring point.

Question 5. A computer has ................. component units are section.
(a) 6
(b) 5
(c) 4
(d) 3
Answer: (b) 5
In simple words: A computer typically consists of five main functional units: input, output, memory, control, and arithmetic-logic unit.

🎯 Exam Tip: Memorize the five basic functional units of a computer system as it's a fundamental concept.

Time And Labour Saving Appliances In Business Office Definite Answer Type Questions (1 Mark)

Question 1. Write the name of machines which make many copies of certain letters or other documents?
Answer: Duplicating Machines or Duplicators.
In simple words: Duplicating machines are used to create multiple copies of documents efficiently from a single master copy.

🎯 Exam Tip: Understand the primary function of common office machines to provide concise and accurate answers.

Question 2. What kind of machine is used to affix stamps on outward letters and envelops?
Answer: Franking Machine.
In simple words: A franking machine prints a postage impression directly onto mail, eliminating the need for physical stamps.

🎯 Exam Tip: Identify specific machines by their unique function, especially those related to mail processing.

Question 3. Name of the machine which can be sent letter, table, chart, graph etc. in printed form is a place to another in no time.
Answer: Fax Machine.
In simple words: A Fax machine transmits documents as images over telephone lines, allowing them to be received in printed form almost instantly at a distant location.

🎯 Exam Tip: Focus on the key operational feature (sending printed form instantly over distance) to identify the correct machine.

Question 4. What kind of machine is very useful in these undertakings or departments which have a very large client etc.
Answer: Addressing and mailing machines.
In simple words: Addressing and mailing machines automate the process of preparing large volumes of mail, making them essential for businesses with extensive client bases.

🎯 Exam Tip: Connect the machine's function to specific business needs, such as handling large client volumes.

Question 5. Name of the machine which records the time of arrival and departure of an employee.
Answer: Time Records.
In simple words: Time recording machines track and document the exact arrival and departure times of employees, aiding in payroll and attendance management.

🎯 Exam Tip: Remember the direct application of a machine to a specific administrative task like employee time tracking.

Question 6. What for time Recording Machine is used in an office?
Answer: Time Recording machines record the time of arrival and departure of an employee.
In simple words: Time recording machines are used in offices to precisely log employee attendance by noting their entry and exit times.

🎯 Exam Tip: Clearly state the primary purpose of time recording machines in an office environment.

Question 7. What for photostat machine is used in an office?
Answer: Offices may require a number of copies of certain letters or other documents. By Photo state machine obtaining a number of copies of the master impression.
In simple words: A photostat machine is used to quickly produce multiple identical copies of documents or letters from an original master impression.

🎯 Exam Tip: Highlight the ability of the machine to create multiple copies from a master document.

Time And Labour Saving Appliances In Business Office Very Short Answer Type Questions (2 Marks)

Question 1. What are the various kinds of Typewriters available in the market?
Answer: Various types of typewriters are available in the market. Standard typewriter, Portable Typewriter, Noiseless and Electronic Typewriter are main.
In simple words: Typewriters come in different models like standard for general use, portable for mobility, noiseless for quiet environments, and electronic for advanced features.

🎯 Exam Tip: List a few distinct types of typewriters, focusing on their key differentiating features.

Question 2. Name the component units of a computer.
Answer: A computer has five component units or sections:
(i) Input Unit
(ii) Memory or Storage Unit
(iii) Arithmetic Unit
(iv) Control Unit
(v) Output Unit.
In simple words: The five core units of a computer are for inputting data, storing it, performing calculations, managing operations, and outputting results.

🎯 Exam Tip: Ensure all five standard component units are listed accurately, as this is a foundational concept in computer literacy.

Question 3. What are the two main types of "adding machines"?
Answer: Adding machines can be of two main types:
(i) Listing Machine
(ii) Non-listing Machine.
In simple words: Adding machines are primarily categorized into those that print a record of calculations (listing) and those that only display the result without a printout (non-listing).

🎯 Exam Tip: Differentiate clearly between listing and non-listing adding machines, emphasizing the presence or absence of a printed record.

Question 4. What is the use of calculating machine?
Answer: Calculating machine is used for addition, subtraction, multiplication and division.
In simple words: Calculating machines are versatile devices used to perform all fundamental arithmetic operations: addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division.

🎯 Exam Tip: Remember that calculating machines are designed for comprehensive arithmetic functions, unlike simpler adding machines.

Question 5. Write the name of anyone time and labour saving machine.
Answer: Typewriter.
In simple words: A typewriter is a basic yet effective time and labor saving machine that enables faster and neater production of written documents compared to manual writing.

🎯 Exam Tip: Provide a simple, universally recognized example of an office machine that saves time and effort.

Time And Labour Saving Appliances In Business Office Short Answer Type Questions (4 Marks)

Question 1. Write a short note on "Book-keeping Machine".
Answer: The most important and perhaps the most advanced mechanical device used in big business offices is the book-keeping machine. It can post ledgers, make statements, prepare payroll and add and subtract. The sheets are inserted in the machine and amount keys are pressed. The whole thing is printed and balances are automatically extracted. Such machines are largely used in big business houses of America and England, and no are most helpful for insurance and banking companies. The important makers of this machine are the Burroughs, the Remington and the Elliot Fisher.
In simple words: Book-keeping machines are advanced mechanical devices used in large offices to automate accounting tasks like posting ledgers, creating payrolls, and generating statements, significantly increasing efficiency in financial record-keeping.

🎯 Exam Tip: When describing a machine, include its primary functions, how it operates generally, and its typical applications, along with any notable manufacturers if known.

Question 2. How does the "Stencil Duplicator" operate.
Answer: A stencil is a special kind of coated tissue paper on which matter can be written with a special kind of nib called 'Stylers' or on a 'typewriter' by remaining the ribbon. The stencil gets punched by pressure from stylers on typewriter key. The cut stencil is then put on the machines. The stencil is then put on the machines. The stencil gets ink through the cuts on it and imprints the matter on the duplicating paper placed therein. The duplicating machine called 'Mimeograph' can be hand-operated or electrically operated.
In simple words: A stencil duplicator works by creating perforations on a special paper stencil, which is then mounted on a machine. Ink passes through these perforations onto paper, reproducing the original text or image.

🎯 Exam Tip: Explain the process step-by-step, starting from stencil creation to the final printing, and mention if the machine can be operated manually or electrically.

Question 3. Explain in brief any four main appliances used in an office.
Answer:
1. Adding Machines: These machines are quite widely used in offices because addition is the most common operation performed by the office clerks.
2. Calculating Machine: These machines are used for addition, subtraction, multiplication and division calculating machines contribute greatly to business efficiency by eliminating chances of errors and by relieving the office clerks of routine and tiring mental work.
3. Time Recorders: Time recorders are the machines which record the time of arrival and departure of an employee.
4. Duplicating machines or Duplicators: Offices may require a number of copies of certain letters or other documents. Duplicating is a process of obtaining a number of copies of the master impression.
In simple words: Key office appliances include adding machines for sums, calculating machines for all basic math, time recorders for employee attendance, and duplicators for making multiple document copies.

🎯 Exam Tip: For each appliance, briefly state its primary function and how it benefits office operations in one or two sentences.

Question 4. State any four main uses of a computer.
Answer:
1. The Businessmen are using computer to the internet with their customers anywhere in the world.
2. An organisation can use computers for marketing their products.
3. People can manage the office work at home through computer.
4. Computer can also be used in the education field.
In simple words: Computers are widely used for global business communication, product marketing, remote office work, and as a vital tool in the education sector.

🎯 Exam Tip: Provide diverse applications of computers across different sectors to show a comprehensive understanding of their utility.

Time And Labour Saving Appliances In Business Office Long Answer Type Question (8 Marks)

Question 1. Describe four labour and time-saving device in business offices.
Answer: The following are the main time and labour saving appliances:
(a) Typewriter: This is the most common medical and for writing. It infused not only for need and clean writing but also for the fact that a number of copies can be made with the use of carbon or stencil. Typewriters are available in different sizes and have different technological sophistication. Various types of typewriters are available. Standard typewriter, portable typewriter, Noiseless and Electronic Typewriter are main.
(b) Book-keeping Machine: The most important and perhaps the most advanced mechanical service used in big business offices in the book-keeping machine. It can fast ledgers, make statements, prepare payrolls and add and subtract. The stutes are inverted in the machine and amount keys are pressed. The whole thing is printed and balances are automatically extracted. Such machines are largely used in big business houses of America and England and are most helpful for insurance and banking companies. The important makers of this machine are the Burnougts, the Remington and the Elliot-Fister.
(c) Time Recorder: Time recorders are the machines which record the time of arrival and departure of an employee. The Cled fill Book Time Recorder in a good mape. Time recording machines are mostly used in big factories where thousands of workers on duties and the task of recording the time of their arrival and departure accordingly is not ordinarily possible.
These machines are like a big clock. Each worker is given a card bearing a number. As soon as he comes to the factory, he has to insert the card into the machine and a slight pressure prints the time of his arrival. The same thing has to be done at the time of departure. An official goes through these cards and can easily detect those who can take or go early. It is of great help in ensuring punctuality on the part of the workers.
(d) Funded Card System: Funded card system is a system of accounting in which the accounting data contained in primary discounts in transcribed into a number of holes in a card known or punched card. In other words, the sake which was recorded in the ledger and other books in words and figures may be recorded in code by making holes on the cards. Or Harman Hollerith and Mrs James Pones were the first to develop this method for processing census data.
In simple words: Business offices use typewriters for clear document creation, book-keeping machines for automated accounting, time recorders for tracking employee attendance, and punched card systems for efficient data processing, all to boost productivity.

🎯 Exam Tip: For long answer questions, provide a detailed description for each device, covering its function, operation, and specific benefits in a business context.