JEE Chemistry The Solid State MCQs Set 16

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Chapter-wise Objective Questions: The Solid State

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Multiple Choice Questions

Question 1: Na and Mg crystallise in bcc and fcc type crystals respectively. The numbers of atoms of Na and Mg present in the unit cells of their respective crystals are
(a) 4 and 2
(b) 9 and 14
(c) 14 and 9
(d) 2 and 4
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (d) 2 and 4

Explanation:
1. bcc: \( 8\times\frac18+1=2 \) atoms.
2. fcc: \( 8\times\frac18+6\times\frac12=4 \) atoms.
3. So Na has 2 and Mg has 4.

Teacher's Note:
1. Identify the key concept in the question first, then apply the standard relation step by step.
2. Check units and the number of significant figures before choosing the option.

Question 2: If Z is the number of atoms in the unit cell that represents the closest packing sequence ABCABC..., the number of tetrahedral voids in the unit cell is
(a) \( Z \)
(b) \( 2Z \)
(c) \( Z/2 \)
(d) \( Z/4 \)
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (b) \( 2Z \)

Explanation:
1. Each atom in a close packed arrangement has two tetrahedral voids associated with it.
2. So the number of tetrahedral voids is 2Z.

Teacher's Note:
1. Identify the key concept in the question first, then apply the standard relation step by step.
2. Check units and the number of significant figures before choosing the option.

Question 3: The close packing sequence ABC ABC... represents which type of packing?
(a) Body centred cubic
(b) Face centred cubic (cubic close packing)
(c) Simple cubic
(d) Hexagonal close packing
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (b) Face centred cubic (cubic close packing)

Explanation:
1. ABCABC... repetition gives cubic close packing, which corresponds to the fcc unit cell.
2. ABAB... gives hexagonal close packing.

Teacher's Note:
1. Identify the key concept in the question first, then apply the standard relation step by step.
2. Check units and the number of significant figures before choosing the option.

Question 4: The number of nearest neighbours of an atom in a body centred cubic lattice of identical spheres is
(a) 8
(b) 6
(c) 4
(d) 2
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (a) 8

Explanation:
1. The body-centre atom touches the 8 corner atoms along the body diagonals, so the coordination number is 8.

Teacher's Note:
1. Identify the key concept in the question first, then apply the standard relation step by step.
2. Check units and the number of significant figures before choosing the option.

Question 5: The number of equidistant oppositely charged ions around each ion in a sodium chloride crystal is
(a) 8
(b) 6
(c) 4
(d) 2
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (b) 6

Explanation:
1. Both \( \ce{Na+} \) and \( \ce{Cl-} \) have coordination number 6 in rock salt.

Teacher's Note:
1. Identify the key concept in the question first, then apply the standard relation step by step.
2. Check units and the number of significant figures before choosing the option.

Question 6: An \( \ce{AB2} \) type structure is found in
(a) \( \ce{NaCl} \)
(b) \( \ce{Al2O3} \)
(c) \( \ce{CaF2} \)
(d) \( \ce{N2O} \)
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (c) \( \ce{CaF2} \)

Explanation:
1. \( \ce{CaF2} \) (fluorite) has the formula type \( \ce{AB2} \) with \( \ce{Ca^2+} \) in fcc positions and \( \ce{F-} \) in all tetrahedral holes.
2. NaCl is AB and \( \ce{Al2O3} \) is \( \ce{A2B3} \).

Teacher's Note:
1. Identify the key concept in the question first, then apply the standard relation step by step.
2. Check units and the number of significant figures before choosing the option.

Question 7: If the number of atoms per unit cell of a crystal of a metal is 2, its structure is
(a) octahedral
(b) body centred cubic
(c) face centred cubic
(d) simple cubic
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (b) body centred cubic

Explanation:
1. Simple cubic has 1, bcc has 2 and fcc has 4 atoms per unit cell.

Teacher's Note:
1. Identify the key concept in the question first, then apply the standard relation step by step.
2. Check units and the number of significant figures before choosing the option.

Question 8: The intermetallic compound LiAg crystallises in a cubic lattice in which both lithium and silver have coordination number eight. The crystal class is
(a) simple cube
(b) body-centred cube
(c) face-centred cube
(d) none of these
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (b) body-centred cube

Explanation:
1. With one kind of atom at the corners and the other at the body centre, each has 8 neighbours of the other kind.
2. This is a CsCl type (body-centred) arrangement.

Teacher's Note:
1. Compare with CsCl, where both ions have coordination number 8.

Question 9: The number of octahedral sites per sphere in an fcc structure is
(a) 8
(b) 4
(c) 2
(d) 1
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (d) 1

Explanation:
1. Number of octahedral voids equals the number of spheres in close packing.
2. So there is 1 octahedral site per sphere.

Teacher's Note:
1. Identify the key concept in the question first, then apply the standard relation step by step.
2. Check units and the number of significant figures before choosing the option.

Question 10: Hexagonal close packing is described by the sequence
(a) ABCABA
(b) ABCABC
(c) ABABA
(d) ABBAB
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (c) ABABA

Explanation:
1. In hcp the third layer repeats the first, giving the pattern ABABAB...

Teacher's Note:
1. Identify the key concept in the question first, then apply the standard relation step by step.
2. Check units and the number of significant figures before choosing the option.

Question 11: An example of a metal with a body centred cubic structure is
(a) Sodium
(b) Magnesium
(c) Zinc
(d) Copper
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (a) Sodium

Explanation:
1. Sodium is bcc.
2. Magnesium and zinc are hcp and copper is fcc.

Teacher's Note:
1. Identify the key concept in the question first, then apply the standard relation step by step.
2. Check units and the number of significant figures before choosing the option.

Question 12: An example of a compound having the fluorite structure is
(a) \( \ce{NaF} \)
(b) \( \ce{SiF4} \)
(c) \( \ce{AlCl3} \)
(d) \( \ce{SrF2} \)
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (d) \( \ce{SrF2} \)

Explanation:
1. \( \ce{SrF2} \) has the same structure as \( \ce{CaF2} \) with \( \ce{Sr^2+} \) in fcc positions and \( \ce{F-} \) in all tetrahedral holes.

Teacher's Note:
1. Identify the key concept in the question first, then apply the standard relation step by step.
2. Check units and the number of significant figures before choosing the option.

Question 13: In which of the following crystals are alternate tetrahedral voids occupied?
(a) \( \ce{NaCl} \)
(b) \( \ce{ZnS} \)
(c) \( \ce{CaF2} \)
(d) \( \ce{Na2O} \)
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (b) \( \ce{ZnS} \)

Explanation:
1. In ZnS (zinc blende) the sulphide ions form an fcc lattice and zinc ions occupy half (alternate) of the 8 tetrahedral voids.
2. In \( \ce{CaF2} \) and \( \ce{Na2O} \) all the tetrahedral voids are filled.

Teacher's Note:
1. Identify the key concept in the question first, then apply the standard relation step by step.
2. Check units and the number of significant figures before choosing the option.

Question 14: In the fluorite structure the coordination number of the \( \ce{Ca^2+} \) ion is
(a) 4
(b) 6
(c) 8
(d) 3
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (c) 8

Explanation:
1. Each \( \ce{Ca^2+} \) is surrounded by 8 fluoride ions, while each \( \ce{F-} \) has 4 calcium neighbours.

Teacher's Note:
1. Identify the key concept in the question first, then apply the standard relation step by step.
2. Check units and the number of significant figures before choosing the option.

Question 15: The ratio of close packed atoms to tetrahedral holes in cubic close packing is
(a) 1 : 1
(b) 1 : 2
(c) 1 : 3
(d) 2 : 1
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (b) 1 : 2

Explanation:
1. For N close packed atoms there are 2N tetrahedral holes, so the ratio is 1 : 2.

Teacher's Note:
1. Identify the key concept in the question first, then apply the standard relation step by step.
2. Check units and the number of significant figures before choosing the option.

Question 16: A solid is made of two elements X and Z. Atoms Z are in ccp arrangement and atoms X occupy all the tetrahedral sites. The formula of the compound is
(a) \( \ce{XZ} \)
(b) \( \ce{XZ2} \)
(c) \( \ce{X2Z} \)
(d) \( \ce{X2Z3} \)
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (c) \( \ce{X2Z} \)

Explanation:
1. Let Z = 4 per cell; tetrahedral sites = 8, all occupied by X.
2. X : Z = 8 : 4 = 2 : 1, so the formula is \( \ce{X2Z} \).

Teacher's Note:
1. Identify the key concept in the question first, then apply the standard relation step by step.
2. Check units and the number of significant figures before choosing the option.

Question 17: An ionic compound has a unit cell with A ions at the corners and B ions at the face centres of a cube. The empirical formula is
(a) \( \ce{AB} \)
(b) \( \ce{A2B} \)
(c) \( \ce{AB3} \)
(d) \( \ce{A3B} \)
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (c) \( \ce{AB3} \)

Explanation:
1. A: \( 8\times\frac18=1 \); B: \( 6\times\frac12=3 \).
2. Formula \( \ce{AB3} \).

Teacher's Note:
1. Identify the key concept in the question first, then apply the standard relation step by step.
2. Check units and the number of significant figures before choosing the option.

Question 18: In a closest packed structure of a metallic lattice, the number of nearest neighbours of a metal atom is
(a) 12
(b) 4
(c) 8
(d) 6
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (a) 12

Explanation:
1. Both ccp and hcp arrangements give a coordination number of 12.

Teacher's Note:
1. Identify the key concept in the question first, then apply the standard relation step by step.
2. Check units and the number of significant figures before choosing the option.

Question 19: The number of spheres contained (i) in one bcc unit cell and (ii) in one fcc unit cell is
(a) (i) 2 and (ii) 4
(b) (i) 3 and (ii) 2
(c) (i) 4 and (ii) 2
(d) (i) 2 and (ii) 3
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (a) (i) 2 and (ii) 4

Explanation:
1. bcc: \( 8\times\frac18+1=2 \).
2. fcc: \( 8\times\frac18+6\times\frac12=4 \).

Teacher's Note:
1. Identify the key concept in the question first, then apply the standard relation step by step.
2. Check units and the number of significant figures before choosing the option.

Question 20: In octahedral holes (voids)
(a) a simple triangular void is surrounded by four spheres
(b) a bi-triangular void is surrounded by four spheres
(c) a bi-triangular void is surrounded by six spheres
(d) a bi-triangular void is surrounded by eight spheres
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (c) a bi-triangular void is surrounded by six spheres

Explanation:
1. An octahedral void is formed by two triangular voids of adjacent layers, one rotated relative to the other.
2. It is surrounded by six spheres.

Teacher's Note:
1. Identify the key concept in the question first, then apply the standard relation step by step.
2. Check units and the number of significant figures before choosing the option.

Question 21: The number of formula units per unit cell in the rock salt structure is
(a) 1
(b) 2
(c) 3
(d) 4
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (d) 4

Explanation:
1. Rock salt has 4 cations and 4 anions per unit cell, i.e. 4 formula units.

Teacher's Note:
1. Identify the key concept in the question first, then apply the standard relation step by step.
2. Check units and the number of significant figures before choosing the option.

Question 22: Hexagonal close packing is found in the crystal lattice of
(a) \( \ce{Na} \)
(b) \( \ce{Mg} \)
(c) \( \ce{Al} \)
(d) none of these
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (b) \( \ce{Mg} \)

Explanation:
1. Magnesium crystallises in hcp; sodium is bcc and aluminium is fcc.

Teacher's Note:
1. Identify the key concept in the question first, then apply the standard relation step by step.
2. Check units and the number of significant figures before choosing the option.

Question 23: In the crystals of which of the following ionic compounds would you expect the maximum distance between the centres of cations and anions?
(a) \( \ce{LiF} \)
(b) \( \ce{CsF} \)
(c) \( \ce{CsI} \)
(d) \( \ce{LiI} \)
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (c) \( \ce{CsI} \)

Explanation:
1. The distance is the sum of the ionic radii.
2. Cs+ is the largest cation and I- the largest anion here, so CsI has the largest distance.

Teacher's Note:
1. Identify the key concept in the question first, then apply the standard relation step by step.
2. Check units and the number of significant figures before choosing the option.

Question 24: An element with the bcc structure has \( 12.08\times10^{23} \) unit cells. The total number of atoms of the element in these cells is
(a) \( 24.16\times10^{23} \)
(b) \( 36.18\times10^{23} \)
(c) \( 6.04\times10^{23} \)
(d) \( 12.08\times10^{23} \)
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (a) \( 24.16\times10^{23} \)

Explanation:
1. A bcc unit cell holds 2 atoms.
2. Atoms = \( 2\times12.08\times10^{23}=24.16\times10^{23} \).

Teacher's Note:
1. Identify the key concept in the question first, then apply the standard relation step by step.
2. Check units and the number of significant figures before choosing the option.

Question 25: If an atom is present at the centre of the cube (body centre), its contribution to the unit cell is
(a) 1/4 part
(b) 1/8 part
(c) 1 (the whole atom)
(d) 1/2 part
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (c) 1 (the whole atom)

Explanation:
1. A body-centre atom lies wholly inside the cell and is shared with no other cell.

Teacher's Note:
1. Identify the key concept in the question first, then apply the standard relation step by step.
2. Check units and the number of significant figures before choosing the option.

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Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs) for JEE Chemistry The Solid State

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