JEE Chemistry The D And F Block Elements MCQs Set 22

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Chapter-wise Objective Questions: The D and F Block Elements

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Multiple Choice Questions

Question 1: Which of the following disproportionation changes is possible in aqueous medium?
(a) 2Cu+ → Cu2+ + Cu0
(b) 2Cu0 → Cu+ + Cu2+
(c) 2Cu2+ → Cu0 + Cu+
(d) 2Fe3+ → Fe2+ + Fe4+
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (a) 2Cu+ → Cu2+ + Cu0

Explanation:
1. Cu+ is unstable in water and disproportionates because the hydration energy of Cu2+ is very high.
2. The other changes do not occur spontaneously.
3. Answer: (a)

Teacher's Note:
1. Work through each option against the rule or structure involved before choosing. Remember the exceptions your textbook lists.

Question 2: Which change does not occur when K2Cr2O7 reacts with H2O2 solution (acidified)?
(a) The orange colour of the solution turns blue
(b) The oxidation state of Cr decreases
(c) The oxidation state of Cr remains constant
(d) None of these
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (b) The oxidation state of Cr decreases

Explanation:
1. Acidified dichromate with H2O2 gives the blue peroxo compound CrO5 (Cr remains +6).
2. So the colour changes to blue, the oxidation state does not change, and a decrease in the oxidation state does not occur.
3. Answer: (b)

Teacher's Note:
1. Work through each option against the rule or structure involved before choosing. Remember the exceptions your textbook lists.

Question 3: Ferric ion reacts with a monovalent anion of an element of atomic number 53 to give x and y. x and y are:
(a) Fe0 and iodate ion
(b) Fe2+ and periodate ion
(c) Fe2+ and I2
(d) Fe2+ and FeI2
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (c) Fe2+ and I2

Explanation:
1. The element with Z = 53 is iodine, so the anion is I-.
2. Fe3+ oxidises it: 2Fe3+ + 2I- → 2Fe2+ + I2.
3. Answer: (c)

Teacher's Note:
1. Work through each option against the rule or structure involved before choosing. Remember the exceptions your textbook lists.

Question 4: Pr, Nd, Tb and Dy show the +4 oxidation state in the form of:
(a) Chromates and halides
(b) Manganate and chromate
(c) Both of the above
(d) Oxides
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (d) Oxides

Explanation:
1. These four lanthanoids reach +4 only in oxides such as PrO2, where the highly electronegative O stabilises the high state.
2. Answer: (d)

Teacher's Note:
1. Work through each option against the rule or structure involved before choosing. Remember the exceptions your textbook lists.

Question 5: Which products are formed, respectively, when lanthanoids react with water, burn in oxygen and are heated with sulphur?
(a) Ln(OH)3, Ln2O3, Ln2S3
(b) Ln2O3, Ln(OH)3, LnS
(c) Ln2O3, Ln2O3, LnS
(d) Ln(OH)3, LnO, LnS
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (a) Ln(OH)3, Ln2O3, Ln2S3

Explanation:
1. Lanthanoids behave like Al and Ca: with water they give Ln(OH)3 and H2.
2. They burn in O2 to give Ln2O3 and react with sulphur to give Ln2S3.
3. Answer: (a)

Teacher's Note:
1. Work through each option against the rule or structure involved before choosing. Remember the exceptions your textbook lists.

Question 6: The catalyst related to the polymerisation of monomers having two carbon atoms and one double bond (ethene) is:
(a) V2O5 + asbestos + TiCl4
(b) Zeolite + feldspar
(c) TiCl4 + trimethylaluminium
(d) MnO2 + KMnO4 + PdCl2
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (c) TiCl4 + trimethylaluminium

Explanation:
1. Polymerisation of ethene to high-density polyethene uses the Ziegler–Natta catalyst, TiCl4 with an aluminium alkyl.
2. Answer: (c)

Teacher's Note:
1. Work through each option against the rule or structure involved before choosing. Remember the exceptions your textbook lists.

Question 7: Which of the following arrangements does not represent the correct order of the property stated against it?
(a) V2+ < Cr2+ < Mn2+ < Fe2+ : paramagnetic behaviour
(b) Ni2+ < Co2+ < Fe2+ < Mn2+ : ionic size
(c) Co3+ < Fe3+ < Cr3+ < Sc3+ : stability in aqueous solution
(d) Sc < Ti < Cr < Mn : number of oxidation states
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (a) V2+ < Cr2+ < Mn2+ < Fe2+ : paramagnetic behaviour

Explanation:
1. The numbers of unpaired electrons are V2+ 3, Cr2+ 4, Mn2+ 5 and Fe2+ 4, so Fe2+ is less paramagnetic than Mn2+ and the stated order is wrong.
2. The other three orders are correct.
3. Answer: (a)

Teacher's Note:
1. Work through each option against the rule or structure involved before choosing. Remember the exceptions your textbook lists.

Question 8: What is incorrect about the reaction of KMnO4 with oxalic acid?
(a) CO2 is formed
(b) Decolourisation is fast at the beginning but becomes slow after some time
(c) Mn2+ is an autocatalyst
(d) It is a redox change
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (b) Decolourisation is fast at the beginning but becomes slow after some time

Explanation:
1. The reaction starts slowly and then speeds up because the Mn2+ formed catalyses it (autocatalysis).
2. So the statement that it is fast at first and slow later is incorrect.
3. Answer: (b)

Teacher's Note:
1. Work through each option against the rule or structure involved before choosing. Remember the exceptions your textbook lists.

Question 9: Which statement is correct?
(a) The most common oxidation state of lanthanoids is +2
(b) HCl can be used to acidify KMnO4 during a redox reaction
(c) In the presence of CO2, orange dichromate solution changes to yellow chromate
(d) To separate Fe2O3 and Al2O3, NaOH can be used
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (d) To separate Fe2O3 and Al2O3, NaOH can be used

Explanation:
1. Al2O3 is amphoteric and dissolves in NaOH as aluminate, while Fe2O3 does not.
2. The common state of lanthanoids is +3, HCl is oxidised by KMnO4, and acid converts chromate to dichromate.
3. Answer: (d)

Teacher's Note:
1. Work through each option against the rule or structure involved before choosing. Remember the exceptions your textbook lists.

Question 10: On the addition of a small amount of KMnO4 to concentrated H2SO4, a green oily compound is obtained which is highly explosive. The compound is:
(a) Mn2O7
(b) MnO2
(c) MnSO4
(d) Mn2O3
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (a) Mn2O7

Explanation:
1. 2KMnO4 + H2SO4 → Mn2O7 + K2SO4 + H2O.
2. Manganese heptoxide is a green explosive oil.
3. Answer: (a)

Teacher's Note:
1. Work through each option against the rule or structure involved before choosing. Remember the exceptions your textbook lists.

Question 11: Which of the following is correct?
(a) [Ti(H2O)6]Cl3 on heating: the colour is intensified
(b) CuSO4 reacts with KCN: K2[Cu(CN)4] is formed
(c) KMnO4 reacts with HF: MnF6 is formed
(d) K2MnO4 reacts with CO2: KMnO4 (purple) and MnO2 (brown) are formed
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (d) K2MnO4 reacts with CO2: KMnO4 (purple) and MnO2 (brown) are formed

Explanation:
1. In acidic conditions manganate disproportionates: 3MnO42- + 4H+ → 2MnO4- + MnO2 + 2H2O.
2. CO2 supplies the acid, so purple KMnO4 and brown MnO2 form.
3. Answer: (d)

Teacher's Note:
1. Work through each option against the rule or structure involved before choosing. Remember the exceptions your textbook lists.

Question 12: KMnO4 is a strong oxidising agent in acidic medium. Dilute H2SO4 is used instead of HCl to provide the acid medium because:
(a) H2SO4 is a stronger acid than HCl
(b) HCl is oxidised by KMnO4 to Cl2
(c) H2SO4 is a dibasic acid
(d) The rate is faster in the presence of H2SO4
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (b) HCl is oxidised by KMnO4 to Cl2

Explanation:
1. KMnO4 oxidises Cl- to Cl2, which consumes the oxidant and causes an error.
2. Sulphate does not react, so dilute H2SO4 is used.
3. Answer: (b)

Teacher's Note:
1. Work through each option against the rule or structure involved before choosing. Remember the exceptions your textbook lists.

Question 13: In which of the following oxoanions is the oxidation state of the central atom not the same as its group number in the periodic table?
(a) MnO4-
(b) Cr2O72-
(c) VO43-
(d) FeO42-
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (d) FeO42-

Explanation:
1. Mn(+7) is in group 7, Cr(+6) in group 6 and V(+5) in group 5.
2. Fe in FeO42- is +6, but iron is in group 8.
3. Answer: (d)

Teacher's Note:
1. Work through each option against the rule or structure involved before choosing. Remember the exceptions your textbook lists.

Question 14: What happens when a solution of potassium chromate is treated with an excess of dilute nitric acid?
(a) Cr2O72- and H2O are formed
(b) CrO42- is reduced to the +3 state of Cr
(c) CrO42- is oxidised to the +7 state of Cr
(d) Cr3+ and Cr2O72- are formed
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (a) Cr2O72- and H2O are formed

Explanation:
1. In acid, chromate condenses to dichromate with no change in oxidation state: 2CrO42- + 2H+ → Cr2O72- + H2O.
2. Answer: (a)

Teacher's Note:
1. Work through each option against the rule or structure involved before choosing. Remember the exceptions your textbook lists.

Question 15: Heating Cu2O and Cu2S will give:
(a) Cu2SO3
(b) CuO + CuS
(c) Cu + SO3
(d) Cu + SO2
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (d) Cu + SO2

Explanation:
1. 2Cu2O + Cu2S → 6Cu + SO2.
2. This is the self-reduction used in copper extraction.
3. Answer: (d)

Teacher's Note:
1. Work through each option against the rule or structure involved before choosing. Remember the exceptions your textbook lists.

Question 16: Which of the following is not formed when H2S reacts with acidified K2Cr2O7 solution?
(a) K2SO4
(b) Cr2(SO4)3
(c) S
(d) CrSO4
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (d) CrSO4

Explanation:
1. Cr(VI) is reduced to Cr(III), and H2S is oxidised to S: K2Cr2O7 + 4H2SO4 + 3H2S → K2SO4 + Cr2(SO4)3 + 7H2O + 3S.
2. Cr(II) (CrSO4) is not formed.
3. Answer: (d)

Teacher's Note:
1. Work through each option against the rule or structure involved before choosing. Remember the exceptions your textbook lists.

Question 17: In the dichromate dianion:
(a) Four Cr–O bonds are equivalent
(b) Six Cr–O bonds are equivalent
(c) All Cr–O bonds are equivalent
(d) All Cr–O bonds are non-equivalent
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (b) Six Cr–O bonds are equivalent

Explanation:
1. The ion has six equivalent terminal Cr–O bonds (three on each Cr), and two longer Cr–O bonds to the bridging oxygen.
2. So six bonds are equivalent.
3. Answer: (b)

Teacher's Note:
1. Work through each option against the rule or structure involved before choosing. Remember the exceptions your textbook lists.

Question 18: On heating ammonium dichromate, the gas evolved is:
(a) Oxygen
(b) Ammonia
(c) Nitrous oxide
(d) Nitrogen
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (d) Nitrogen

Explanation:
1. (NH4)2Cr2O7 → N2 + Cr2O3 + 4H2O (the 'volcano' reaction).
2. Answer: (d)

Teacher's Note:
1. Work through each option against the rule or structure involved before choosing. Remember the exceptions your textbook lists.

Question 19: When MnO2 is fused with KOH in air, a coloured compound is formed. The product and its colour are:
(a) K2MnO4, green
(b) KMnO4, purple
(c) Mn2O3, brown
(d) Mn3O4, black
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (a) K2MnO4, green

Explanation:
1. 2MnO2 + 4KOH + O2 → 2K2MnO4 + 2H2O.
2. Potassium manganate is green.
3. Answer: (a)

Teacher's Note:
1. Work through each option against the rule or structure involved before choosing. Remember the exceptions your textbook lists.

Question 20: In aqueous solution, the Eu2+ ion acts as:
(a) An oxidising agent
(b) A reducing agent
(c) Either an oxidising or a reducing agent
(d) None of these
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (b) A reducing agent

Explanation:
1. Eu3+ (4f6) is more stable than Eu2+ (4f7) in water, so Eu2+ readily loses an electron.
2. Answer: (b)

Teacher's Note:
1. Work through each option against the rule or structure involved before choosing. Remember the exceptions your textbook lists.

Question 21: The actinoids showing the +7 oxidation state are:
(a) U, Np
(b) Pu, Am
(c) Np, Pu
(d) Am, Cm
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (c) Np, Pu

Explanation:
1. Among the actinoids only Np and Pu reach +7.
2. U shows up to +6 and Am and Cm up to +6 and +4.
3. Answer: (c)

Teacher's Note:
1. Work through each option against the rule or structure involved before choosing. Remember the exceptions your textbook lists.

Question 22: Among the lanthanoids, the one obtained by a synthetic method is:
(a) Lu
(b) Pm
(c) Pr
(d) Gd
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (b) Pm

Explanation:
1. Promethium (Z = 61) has no stable isotope and is made artificially.
2. Answer: (b)

Teacher's Note:
1. Work through each option against the rule or structure involved before choosing. Remember the exceptions your textbook lists.

Question 23: The maximum oxidation state exhibited by actinoid elements is:
(a) +5
(b) +4
(c) +7
(d) +8
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (c) +7

Explanation:
1. Np and Pu show +7, the highest oxidation state in the series.
2. Answer: (c)

Teacher's Note:
1. Work through each option against the rule or structure involved before choosing. Remember the exceptions your textbook lists.

Question 24: Transition elements form binary compounds with halogens. Which of the following elements will form an MF3 type compound?
(a) Zn
(b) Co
(c) Cu
(d) Hg
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (b) Co

Explanation:
1. Co forms CoF3.
2. Zn, Cu and Hg form only the difluorides ZnF2, CuF2 and HgF2.
3. Answer: (b)

Teacher's Note:
1. Work through each option against the rule or structure involved before choosing. Remember the exceptions your textbook lists.

Question 25: Which of the following is an incorrect match of catalyst and process?
(a) V2O5 : contact process
(b) CuCl2 : Deacon process
(c) Finely divided Fe : vegetable oil to ghee
(d) TiCl4 + Al(CH3)3 : Ziegler–Natta catalyst
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (c) Finely divided Fe : vegetable oil to ghee

Explanation:
1. The hydrogenation of vegetable oil to ghee uses finely divided nickel, not iron.
2. The other matches are correct.
3. Answer: (c)

Teacher's Note:
1. Work through each option against the rule or structure involved before choosing. Remember the exceptions your textbook lists.

Question 26: Which of the following is not correctly matched?
(a) Fenton's reagent : FeSO4 + H2O2
(b) Adam's catalyst : PtO2
(c) Wilkinson's catalyst : [RhCl(PPh3)3]
(d) Ziegler–Natta catalyst : (C2H5)3B + TiCl3
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (d) Ziegler–Natta catalyst : (C2H5)3B + TiCl3

Explanation:
1. The Ziegler–Natta catalyst is an aluminium alkyl with TiCl4, e.g. (C2H5)3Al + TiCl4, not a boron compound.
2. The other three are correct.
3. Answer: (d)

Teacher's Note:
1. Work through each option against the rule or structure involved before choosing. Remember the exceptions your textbook lists.

Question 27: Which of the following is an interstitial carbide?
(a) SiC
(b) WC
(c) CaC2
(d) Be2C
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (b) WC

Explanation:
1. In tungsten carbide, carbon atoms occupy the interstices of the metal lattice.
2. SiC is covalent, and CaC2 and Be2C are ionic.
3. Answer: (b)

Teacher's Note:
1. Work through each option against the rule or structure involved before choosing. Remember the exceptions your textbook lists.

Question 28: The highest fluoride and the highest oxide of Mn are respectively:
(a) MnF7, Mn2O7
(b) MnF6, MnO3
(c) MnF4, Mn2O7
(d) MnF7, MnO2
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (c) MnF4, Mn2O7

Explanation:
1. Mn forms fluorides only up to MnF4, because fluorine is not able to stabilise higher states.
2. The highest oxide Mn2O7 contains Mn(+7), since oxygen can form multiple bonds.
3. Answer: (c)

Teacher's Note:
1. Work through each option against the rule or structure involved before choosing. Remember the exceptions your textbook lists.

Question 29: Which of the following does not give a disproportionation reaction in acidic or basic medium?
(a) MnO42-
(b) HNO2
(c) CrO42-
(d) Cl2
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (c) CrO42-

Explanation:
1. Cr in CrO42- is in its highest state (+6) and cannot disproportionate.
2. MnO42- (+6), HNO2 (+3) and Cl2 (0) all disproportionate.
3. Answer: (c)

Teacher's Note:
1. Work through each option against the rule or structure involved before choosing. Remember the exceptions your textbook lists.

Question 30: Acidified KMnO4 acts as an oxidising agent. It is acidified with:
(a) Conc. H2SO4
(b) Dil. HCl
(c) Conc. HNO3
(d) Dil. H2SO4
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (d) Dil. H2SO4

Explanation:
1. Dilute H2SO4 is neither oxidised nor reduced by KMnO4.
2. HCl is oxidised to Cl2, and conc. HNO3 is itself an oxidant.
3. Answer: (d)

Teacher's Note:
1. Work through each option against the rule or structure involved before choosing. Remember the exceptions your textbook lists.

Question 31: Which of the following compounds does not exist?
(a) FeF3
(b) BiF5
(c) CuI2
(d) CoF3
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (c) CuI2

Explanation:
1. Cu2+ oxidises I- to I2, so CuI2 cannot exist and CuI forms instead.
2. FeF3, BiF5 and CoF3 exist.
3. Answer: (c)

Teacher's Note:
1. Work through each option against the rule or structure involved before choosing. Remember the exceptions your textbook lists.

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