Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs) for JEE Chemistry: The D and F Block Elements
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Multiple Choice Questions
(a) \( \ce{MnO2, MnO2, Mn^{2+}} \)
(b) \( \ce{MnO, MnO4^-, Mn^{2+}} \)
(c) \( \ce{MnO2, MnO4^{2-}, Mn^{2+}} \)
(d) \( \ce{MnO4^{2-}, Mn^{3+}, Mn^{2+}} \)
Show Answer & Explanation
Answer: (c) \( \ce{MnO2, MnO4^{2-}, Mn^{2+}} \)
Explanation:
1. In neutral solution \( \ce{MnO4^-} \) is reduced to \( \ce{MnO2} \) (Mn +7 to +4).
2. In strongly alkaline solution it is reduced to green \( \ce{MnO4^{2-}} \) (+7 to +6).
3. In acidic solution it is reduced to \( \ce{Mn^{2+}} \) (+7 to +2).
Teacher's Note:
1. Link each compound to its colour, oxidation state and reaction medium; these facts are asked repeatedly.
2. For redox questions, count the electrons exchanged per formula unit before choosing an option.
(a) 6
(b) 1
(c) 5
(d) 3
Show Answer & Explanation
Answer: (c) 5
Explanation:
1. \( \ce{MnO4^- + 8H^+ + 5e^- -> Mn^{2+} + 4H2O} \).
2. Five electrons are accepted per mole.
Teacher's Note:
1. Link each compound to its colour, oxidation state and reaction medium; these facts are asked repeatedly.
2. For redox questions, count the electrons exchanged per formula unit before choosing an option.
(a) M
(b) M/3
(c) M/2
(d) M/6
Show Answer & Explanation
Answer: (d) M/6
Explanation:
1. Six electrons are gained per formula unit, so the equivalent weight is M/6.
Teacher's Note:
1. Link each compound to its colour, oxidation state and reaction medium; these facts are asked repeatedly.
2. For redox questions, count the electrons exchanged per formula unit before choosing an option.
(a) \( \ce{HMnO5} \)
(b) \( \ce{H2MnO3} \)
(c) \( \ce{H2MnO4} \)
(d) \( \ce{HMnO4} \)
Show Answer & Explanation
Answer: (d) \( \ce{HMnO4} \)
Explanation:
1. Manganese in permanganic acid is +7: \( \ce{H^+} \) plus \( \ce{MnO4^-} \) gives \( \ce{HMnO4} \).
Teacher's Note:
1. Link each compound to its colour, oxidation state and reaction medium; these facts are asked repeatedly.
2. For redox questions, count the electrons exchanged per formula unit before choosing an option.
(a) remains unchanged
(b) increases from +3 to +6
(c) decreases from +6 to +3
(d) decreases from +6 to +2
Show Answer & Explanation
Answer: (c) decreases from +6 to +3
Explanation:
1. \( \ce{Cr2O7^{2-}} \) oxidises \( \ce{H2S} \) to sulphur and is itself reduced to \( \ce{Cr^{3+}} \).
2. Cr changes from +6 to +3.
Teacher's Note:
1. Link each compound to its colour, oxidation state and reaction medium; these facts are asked repeatedly.
2. For redox questions, count the electrons exchanged per formula unit before choosing an option.
(a) \( \ce{FeSO4} \) is oxidised only
(b) \( \ce{KMnO4} \) is oxidised only
(c) \( \ce{FeSO4} \) is oxidised and \( \ce{KMnO4} \) is reduced
(d) none of these
Show Answer & Explanation
Answer: (c) \( \ce{FeSO4} \) is oxidised and \( \ce{KMnO4} \) is reduced
Explanation:
1. \( \ce{MnO4^- + 5Fe^{2+} + 8H^+ -> Mn^{2+} + 5Fe^{3+} + 4H2O} \).
2. Fe(II) is oxidised to Fe(III) and permanganate is reduced.
Teacher's Note:
1. Link each compound to its colour, oxidation state and reaction medium; these facts are asked repeatedly.
2. For redox questions, count the electrons exchanged per formula unit before choosing an option.
(a) the dipole moment of water is higher than that of \( \ce{NH3} \)
(b) \( \ce{NH3} \) is a stronger base than \( \ce{H2O} \)
(c) \( \ce{NH3} \) is a better solvent than \( \ce{H2O} \)
(d) \( \ce{Ag^+} \) forms a complex ion with \( \ce{NH3} \)
Show Answer & Explanation
Answer: (d) \( \ce{Ag^+} \) forms a complex ion with \( \ce{NH3} \)
Explanation:
1. \( \ce{AgCl + 2NH3 -> [Ag(NH3)2]^+ + Cl^-} \).
2. Formation of the soluble complex ion pulls the dissolution forward.
Teacher's Note:
1. Link each compound to its colour, oxidation state and reaction medium; these facts are asked repeatedly.
2. For redox questions, count the electrons exchanged per formula unit before choosing an option.
(a) five water molecules
(b) one water molecule
(c) one sulphate anion
(d) four water molecules
Show Answer & Explanation
Answer: (d) four water molecules
Explanation:
1. Four water molecules are bonded to Cu(II) in a square plane; the fifth water is hydrogen bonded to sulphate.
2. So copper is coordinated to four water molecules.
Teacher's Note:
1. Link each compound to its colour, oxidation state and reaction medium; these facts are asked repeatedly.
2. For redox questions, count the electrons exchanged per formula unit before choosing an option.
(a) \( \ce{AgCl} \)
(b) \( \ce{BaSO4} \)
(c) \( \ce{PbSO4} \)
(d) \( \ce{CuSO4} \)
Show Answer & Explanation
Answer: (a) \( \ce{AgCl} \)
Explanation:
1. AgCl is a white solid, insoluble in water, which dissolves in ammonia as \( \ce{[Ag(NH3)2]Cl} \).
2. \( \ce{BaSO4} \) and \( \ce{PbSO4} \) do not dissolve in ammonia, and \( \ce{CuSO4} \) dissolves in water.
Teacher's Note:
1. Link each compound to its colour, oxidation state and reaction medium; these facts are asked repeatedly.
2. For redox questions, count the electrons exchanged per formula unit before choosing an option.
(a) basic copper acetate
(b) basic lead acetate
(c) basic lead
(d) none of these
Show Answer & Explanation
Answer: (a) basic copper acetate
Explanation:
1. Verdigris is the green coating of basic copper acetate formed on copper exposed to air and vinegar.
Teacher's Note:
1. Link each compound to its colour, oxidation state and reaction medium; these facts are asked repeatedly.
2. For redox questions, count the electrons exchanged per formula unit before choosing an option.
(a) 1/3
(b) 3
(c) 1.6
(d) 6
Show Answer & Explanation
Answer: (a) 1/3
Explanation:
1. One mole of \( \ce{Sn^{2+}} \) gives 2 mol of electrons (\( \ce{Sn^{2+} -> Sn^{4+}} \)).
2. One mole of \( \ce{Cr2O7^{2-}} \) takes 6 electrons, so 2/6 = 1/3 mol is reduced.
Teacher's Note:
1. Link each compound to its colour, oxidation state and reaction medium; these facts are asked repeatedly.
2. For redox questions, count the electrons exchanged per formula unit before choosing an option.
(a) potassium iodide
(b) potassium permanganate
(c) ferrous sulphate
(d) potassium ferrocyanide
Show Answer & Explanation
Answer: (b) potassium permanganate
Explanation:
1. \( \ce{H2O2} \) is oxidised (acts as a reducing agent) by the strong oxidant \( \ce{KMnO4} \), which is reduced to \( \ce{Mn^{2+}} \).
2. With KI, \( \ce{FeSO4} \) and \( \ce{K4[Fe(CN)6]} \) hydrogen peroxide acts as the oxidant.
Teacher's Note:
1. Link each compound to its colour, oxidation state and reaction medium; these facts are asked repeatedly.
2. For redox questions, count the electrons exchanged per formula unit before choosing an option.
(a) \( \ce{MnO} \)
(b) \( \ce{MnO2} \)
(c) \( \ce{Mn2O7} \)
(d) \( \ce{Mn2O3} \)
Show Answer & Explanation
Answer: (b) \( \ce{MnO2} \)
Explanation:
1. Oxides of Mn become more acidic as the oxidation state rises: MnO is basic, \( \ce{MnO2} \) amphoteric and \( \ce{Mn2O7} \) strongly acidic.
Teacher's Note:
1. Link each compound to its colour, oxidation state and reaction medium; these facts are asked repeatedly.
2. For redox questions, count the electrons exchanged per formula unit before choosing an option.
(a) \( \ce{P2O5} \)
(b) \( \ce{MnO} \)
(c) \( \ce{Mn2O7} \)
(d) \( \ce{CrO3} \)
Show Answer & Explanation
Answer: (b) \( \ce{MnO} \)
Explanation:
1. MnO has Mn in the +2 state, so it is ionic.
2. \( \ce{Mn2O7} \), \( \ce{CrO3} \) and \( \ce{P2O5} \) are covalent acidic oxides.
Teacher's Note:
1. Link each compound to its colour, oxidation state and reaction medium; these facts are asked repeatedly.
2. For redox questions, count the electrons exchanged per formula unit before choosing an option.
(a) \( \ce{Hg2Cl2} \)
(b) \( \ce{HgCl2} \)
(c) \( \ce{HgCl2.H2O} \)
(d) \( \ce{HgSO4} \)
Show Answer & Explanation
Answer: (a) \( \ce{Hg2Cl2} \)
Explanation:
1. Calomel is mercury(I) chloride, \( \ce{Hg2Cl2} \) (with the \( \ce{Hg2^{2+}} \) ion).
Teacher's Note:
1. Link each compound to its colour, oxidation state and reaction medium; these facts are asked repeatedly.
2. For redox questions, count the electrons exchanged per formula unit before choosing an option.
(a) manufacture of chalks
(b) preparation of hydrogen sulphide
(c) manufacture of blue black ink
(d) preparation of anhydrous ferric chloride
Show Answer & Explanation
Answer: (c) manufacture of blue black ink
Explanation:
1. Ferrous sulphate reacts with tannin to give iron tannate, the basis of blue-black ink.
Teacher's Note:
1. Link each compound to its colour, oxidation state and reaction medium; these facts are asked repeatedly.
2. For redox questions, count the electrons exchanged per formula unit before choosing an option.
(a) \( \ce{CuSO4.5H2O} \)
(b) \( \ce{CuSO4.H2O} \)
(c) \( \ce{CuSO4} \)
(d) \( \ce{Cu2SO4} \)
Show Answer & Explanation
Answer: (a) \( \ce{CuSO4.5H2O} \)
Explanation:
1. Blue vitriol is copper sulphate pentahydrate, \( \ce{CuSO4.5H2O} \).
Teacher's Note:
1. Link each compound to its colour, oxidation state and reaction medium; these facts are asked repeatedly.
2. For redox questions, count the electrons exchanged per formula unit before choosing an option.
(a) Fe
(b) Al
(c) Zn
(d) Ag
Show Answer & Explanation
Answer: (d) Ag
Explanation:
1. A container metal must not be more reactive than copper.
2. Fe, Zn and Al displace copper from solution, while Ag does not.
Teacher's Note:
1. Link each compound to its colour, oxidation state and reaction medium; these facts are asked repeatedly.
2. For redox questions, count the electrons exchanged per formula unit before choosing an option.
(a) formation of a complex compound
(b) its corrosive action
(c) being a strong reducing agent
(d) its reduction to metallic silver
Show Answer & Explanation
Answer: (d) its reduction to metallic silver
Explanation:
1. Organic matter in skin reduces \( \ce{Ag^+} \) to finely divided black silver.
Teacher's Note:
1. Link each compound to its colour, oxidation state and reaction medium; these facts are asked repeatedly.
2. For redox questions, count the electrons exchanged per formula unit before choosing an option.
(a) \( \ce{Fe + HCl} \)
(b) heating hydrated ferric chloride
(c) \( \ce{Fe + Cl2} \)
(d) \( \ce{FeCl2 + Cl2} \)
Show Answer & Explanation
Answer: (c) \( \ce{Fe + Cl2} \)
Explanation:
1. Direct combination of iron with dry chlorine gives anhydrous \( \ce{FeCl3} \).
2. Heating the hydrate gives oxychloride and HCl instead, and Fe with HCl gives \( \ce{FeCl2} \).
Teacher's Note:
1. Link each compound to its colour, oxidation state and reaction medium; these facts are asked repeatedly.
2. For redox questions, count the electrons exchanged per formula unit before choosing an option.
(a) \( \ce{Fe2O3.H2O} \)
(b) \( \ce{Fe2O3} \)
(c) \( \ce{Fe(OH)SO4} \)
(d) \( \ce{Fe2O3 + FeO} \)
Show Answer & Explanation
Answer: (c) \( \ce{Fe(OH)SO4} \)
Explanation:
1. Atmospheric oxygen oxidises ferrous sulphate to basic ferric sulphate, \( \ce{Fe(OH)SO4} \), which is brown.
Teacher's Note:
1. Link each compound to its colour, oxidation state and reaction medium; these facts are asked repeatedly.
2. For redox questions, count the electrons exchanged per formula unit before choosing an option.
(a) 72.0
(b) 52.7
(c) 31.5
(d) 158.0
Show Answer & Explanation
Answer: (d) 158.0
Explanation:
1. One electron is gained per Mn (\( \ce{MnO4^- + e^- -> MnO4^{2-}} \)).
2. Equivalent weight = molar mass = 158.
Teacher's Note:
1. Link each compound to its colour, oxidation state and reaction medium; these facts are asked repeatedly.
2. For redox questions, count the electrons exchanged per formula unit before choosing an option.
(a) its molecular weight
(b) 1/5 of its molecular weight
(c) 1/3 of its molecular weight
(d) 1/2 of its molecular weight
Show Answer & Explanation
Answer: (b) 1/5 of its molecular weight
Explanation:
1. Five electrons are gained per formula unit in acidic medium, so the equivalent weight is M/5 = 31.6.
Teacher's Note:
1. Link each compound to its colour, oxidation state and reaction medium; these facts are asked repeatedly.
2. For redox questions, count the electrons exchanged per formula unit before choosing an option.
(a) cobalt aluminate
(b) Thenard's blue
(c) both (a) and (b)
(d) none of these
Show Answer & Explanation
Answer: (c) both (a) and (b)
Explanation:
1. Cobalt(II) aluminate, \( \ce{CoAl2O4} \), is also known as Thenard's blue.
Teacher's Note:
1. Link each compound to its colour, oxidation state and reaction medium; these facts are asked repeatedly.
2. For redox questions, count the electrons exchanged per formula unit before choosing an option.
(a) alum
(b) Glauber's salt
(c) green salt
(d) Mohr's salt
Show Answer & Explanation
Answer: (d) Mohr's salt
Explanation:
1. This double salt of ferrous sulphate and ammonium sulphate is Mohr's salt.
Teacher's Note:
1. Link each compound to its colour, oxidation state and reaction medium; these facts are asked repeatedly.
2. For redox questions, count the electrons exchanged per formula unit before choosing an option.
(a) cupric chloride
(b) copper nitrate
(c) copper sulphate
(d) cuprous chloride
Show Answer & Explanation
Answer: (d) cuprous chloride
Explanation:
1. Colourless \( \ce{CuCl} \) is oxidised by moist air to green basic copper(II) chloride.
Teacher's Note:
1. Link each compound to its colour, oxidation state and reaction medium; these facts are asked repeatedly.
2. For redox questions, count the electrons exchanged per formula unit before choosing an option.
(a) \( \ce{Cr(OH)2} \)
(b) \( \ce{Cr(OH)3} \)
(c) \( \ce{Cr2O7^{2-}} \)
(d) \( \ce{CrO4^{2-}} \)
Show Answer & Explanation
Answer: (d) \( \ce{CrO4^{2-}} \)
Explanation:
1. \( \ce{Cr2O7^{2-} + 2OH^- -> 2CrO4^{2-} + H2O} \).
2. The orange colour changes to yellow chromate.
Teacher's Note:
1. Link each compound to its colour, oxidation state and reaction medium; these facts are asked repeatedly.
2. For redox questions, count the electrons exchanged per formula unit before choosing an option.
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