Chemistry Objective Questions and Answers: General Principles and Processes Of Isolation Of Elements
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Multiple Choice Questions
(a) Ga and In
(b) Zr and Ti
(c) Ag and Au
(d) Ni and Fe
Show Answer & Explanation
Answer: (b) Zr and Ti
Explanation:
1. Van Arkel method converts the metal to a volatile iodide on heating with \(\ce{I2}\)
2. The iodide is then decomposed on a hot tungsten filament to give pure metal
3. It is used for ultra-pure metals such as Zr and Ti
Teacher's Note:
1. Van Arkel is used for metals that form volatile iodides and are contaminated with oxygen and nitrogen, such as Ti and Zr.
(a) Manganese
(b) Carbon
(c) Silicon
(d) Phosphorus
Show Answer & Explanation
Answer: (b) Carbon
Explanation:
1. Pig iron contains about 4 percent carbon
2. Silicon, phosphorus, manganese and sulphur are present only to a smaller extent
Teacher's Note:
1. The carbon in pig iron makes it brittle. It is removed to give wrought iron and steel.
P: \(\ce{PbS + 2PbO ->[\Delta] 3Pb + SO2}\)
Q: \(\ce{PbS + 3/2 O2 ->[\Delta] PbO + SO2}\)
R: \(\ce{PbCO3 ->[\Delta] PbO + CO2}\)
S: \(\ce{PbO + C ->[\Delta] Pb + CO}\)
1 Smelting, 2 Self reduction, 3 Calcination, 4 Roasting
(a) P-2, Q-3, R-4, S-1
(b) P-2, Q-4, R-3, S-1
(c) P-4, Q-2, R-1, S-3
(d) P-4, Q-3, R-2, S-1
Show Answer & Explanation
Answer: (b) P-2, Q-4, R-3, S-1
Explanation:
1. P: PbS reduces PbO without any added reducing agent, so it is self reduction (2)
2. Q: sulphide is heated in air to give oxide: roasting (4)
3. R: carbonate decomposes by heating without air: calcination (3)
4. S: oxide is reduced by carbon: smelting (1)
Teacher's Note:
1. Calcination = heating a carbonate or hydroxide ore without air; roasting = heating a sulphide ore in excess air; smelting = reducing the oxide with carbon at high temperature.
(a) \(\ce{ZnCO3 -> Zn}\)
(b) \(\ce{PbS -> PbO}\)
(c) \(\ce{Cu2S -> Cu}\)
(d) \(\ce{CaCO3 -> Ca}\)
Show Answer & Explanation
Answer: (a) \(\ce{ZnCO3 -> Zn}\)
Explanation:
1. \(\ce{ZnCO3 ->[\Delta] ZnO + CO2}\) is calcination
2. \(\ce{ZnO + C -> Zn + CO}\) is carbon reduction
3. \(\ce{PbS -> PbO}\) is only roasting, \(\ce{Cu2S -> Cu}\) is auto-reduction after roasting and \(\ce{CaCO3 -> Ca}\) needs electrolysis
Teacher's Note:
1. Carbonate ores are first calcined to the oxide, and then the oxide is reduced by carbon (for metals like Zn, Fe, Pb).
(a) Ge
(b) Cu
(c) Ni
(d) Ti
Show Answer & Explanation
Answer: (a) Ge
Explanation:
1. Zone refining gives ultra-pure materials
2. It works because impurities are more soluble in the melt than in the solid
3. It is used for semiconductors such as Ge, Si, Ga and B
Teacher's Note:
1. Zone refining is used for semiconductor-grade materials. Ni is refined by the Mond process and Ti by the Van Arkel method.
(a) Haematite
(b) Magnetite
(c) Iron pyrite
(d) Azurite
Show Answer & Explanation
Answer: (d) Azurite
Explanation:
1. Haematite (\(\ce{Fe2O3}\)), magnetite (\(\ce{Fe3O4}\)) and iron pyrite (\(\ce{FeS2}\)) are ores of iron
2. Azurite, \(\ce{Cu(OH)2.2CuCO3}\), is an ore of copper
Teacher's Note:
1. Common ores of copper are copper pyrites, malachite, azurite, cuprite and copper glance.
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General Principles and Processes Of Isolation Of Elements Objective Questions & Solutions for JEE Chemistry
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FAQs
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