JEE Chemistry Chemistry In Everyday Life MCQs Set 16

Answer: (b) neurotransmitter

Explanation:
1. Noradrenaline carries signals between nerve cells, so it is a neurotransmitter.
2. If its level is low, signal-sending activity falls and the person may suffer from depression, which is why antidepressants prevent its breakdown.

Teacher's Note:
1. Neurotransmitters pass messages between neurons; noradrenaline is one.

Answer: (b) A-R, B-S, C-P, D-Q

Explanation:
1. Chloroxylenol has a phenolic –OH, so it gives a violet colour with FeCl₃ (A-R).
2. Norethindrone contains C≡C and C=C, so it decolourises Baeyer's reagent (B-S).
3. Sulphapyridine has a free aromatic –NH₂ (primary amine) and gives the carbylamine test (C-P).
4. Penicillin has a –COOH group and liberates CO₂ with NaHCO₃ (D-Q).

Teacher's Note:
1. Match each functional group in the drug with its characteristic test.

Answer: (b) A-Q, B-P, C-R

Explanation:
1. Norethindrone is a synthetic progesterone derivative used as an antifertility drug.
2. Ofloxacin is a synthetic antibiotic.
3. Equanil (meprobamate) is a mild tranquilliser used against hypertension and anxiety.

Teacher's Note:
1. Norethindrone: antifertility; ofloxacin: antibiotic; equanil: tranquilliser.

Answer: (d) acid rain

Explanation:
1. Acid rain contains HNO₃, H₂SO₄ and H₂SO₃ formed from oxides of nitrogen and sulphur.
2. These acids react with the marble: CaCO₃ + 2H⁺ → Ca²⁺ + H₂O + CO₂.

Teacher's Note:
1. Acid rain (pH below 5.6) attacks marble (CaCO₃).

Answer: (a) Sodium lauryl sulphate

Explanation:
1. Sodium lauryl sulphate, CH₃(CH₂)₁₀CH₂OSO₃⁻Na⁺, has a negatively charged hydrophilic head and is a synthetic anionic detergent.
2. Cetyltrimethylammonium bromide is cationic, glyceryl oleate is a fat and sodium stearate is a soap.

Teacher's Note:
1. Anionic detergents are sodium salts of alkyl sulphates or sulphonates.

Answer: (c) Phenelzine

Explanation:
1. Al(OH)₃ neutralises stomach acid, and cimetidine and ranitidine reduce acid secretion.
2. Phenelzine is an antidepressant (tranquilliser) and not an antacid.

Teacher's Note:
1. Phenelzine acts on the nervous system, not on stomach acid.

Answer: (c) Antipyretic

Explanation:
1. Antipyretics reduce body temperature in fever.
2. Analgesics relieve pain, antibiotics act against bacteria and tranquillisers treat mental disorders.

Teacher's Note:
1. Antipyretic = fever reducer.

Answer: (c) Liquid hydrogen + liquid oxygen

Explanation:
1. A propellant needs a fuel and an oxidiser that react with a large release of energy.
2. Liquid hydrogen (fuel) and liquid oxygen (oxidiser) form such a pair; nitrogen and argon do not support combustion.

Teacher's Note:
1. Fuel plus oxidiser makes a propellant.

Answer: (c) an analgesic

Explanation:
1. Aspirin relieves pain and also reduces fever and inflammation.
2. It is a non-narcotic analgesic and not an antibiotic or an antiseptic.

Teacher's Note:
1. Aspirin is a non-narcotic analgesic and antipyretic.

Answer: (a) tranquillisers

Explanation:
1. Tranquillisers act on the central nervous system and relieve anxiety, stress and depression.
2. Antihistamines counter allergies, analgesics relieve pain and antimicrobials kill or stop microbes.

Teacher's Note:
1. Tranquillisers treat mental stress and anxiety.

Answer: (a) Chlorophyll is a green pigment in plants and contains calcium

Explanation:
1. Chlorophyll is a magnesium complex of a porphyrin ring.
2. The other three statements are correct.

Teacher's Note:
1. Chlorophyll: Mg; haemoglobin: Fe; vitamin B₁₂: Co.