JEE Chemistry Chemistry In Everyday Life MCQs Set 12

Answer: (c) analgesic

Explanation:
1. Morphine is a narcotic alkaloid
2. It relieves severe pain, so it is an analgesic

Teacher's Note:
1. Recall the standard fact and the usual example from the drugs and food-chemicals list.

Answer: (d) phenylbutazone

Explanation:
1. Reserpine, morphine and quinine are plant alkaloids
2. Phenylbutazone is a synthetic anti-inflammatory drug

Teacher's Note:
1. Recall the standard fact and the usual example from the drugs and food-chemicals list.

Answer: (b) streptomycin

Explanation:
1. Streptomycin is the antibiotic effective against the tuberculosis bacterium
2. Penicillin is mainly for infections such as pneumonia and bronchitis

Teacher's Note:
1. Recall the standard fact and the usual example from the drugs and food-chemicals list.

Answer: (b) analgesics

Explanation:
1. Analgesics reduce or abolish pain without causing unconsciousness

Teacher's Note:
1. Recall the standard fact and the usual example from the drugs and food-chemicals list.

Answer: (a) diuretic

Explanation:
1. Diuretics increase urine output

Teacher's Note:
1. Recall the standard fact and the usual example from the drugs and food-chemicals list.

Answer: (b) chloroxylenol

Explanation:
1. Dettol is a mixture of chloroxylenol and terpineol
2. Chloroquine is an antimalarial and chloramphenicol an antibiotic

Teacher's Note:
1. Recall the standard fact and the usual example from the drugs and food-chemicals list.

Answer: (b) n-heptane

Explanation:
1. The octane scale takes n-heptane as 0 and 2,2,4-trimethylpentane (isooctane) as 100

Teacher's Note:
1. Recall the standard fact and the usual example from the drugs and food-chemicals list.

Answer: (c) gammexane

Explanation:
1. Gammexane (lindane, benzene hexachloride) is an insecticide
2. The others are used on living tissue as antiseptics

Teacher's Note:
1. Recall the standard fact and the usual example from the drugs and food-chemicals list.

Answer: (b) sulphaguanidine

Explanation:
1. Sulphaguanidine is a synthetic sulpha drug, not produced by a micro-organism
2. The rest are true antibiotics

Teacher's Note:
1. Recall the standard fact and the usual example from the drugs and food-chemicals list.

Answer: (c) mifepristone

Explanation:
1. Mifepristone is a synthetic steroid that blocks progesterone
2. Norethindrone and ethynylestradiol are used in regular birth control pills

Teacher's Note:
1. Recall the standard fact and the usual example from the drugs and food-chemicals list.

Answer: (d) penicillin may be given without testing the patient for sensitivity

Explanation:
1. Because some persons are allergic to penicillin, a sensitivity test is done before administering it
2. So the last statement is false

Teacher's Note:
1. Recall the standard fact and the usual example from the drugs and food-chemicals list.

Answer: (a) p-aminophenol

Explanation:
1. Acetylation of the amino group of p-aminophenol with acetic anhydride gives the amide
2. The OH group stays free

Teacher's Note:
1. Recall the standard fact and the usual example from the drugs and food-chemicals list.

Answer: (c) paracetamol

Explanation:
1. Paracetamol lowers fever and relieves mild pain
2. Chloroquine is an antimalarial, penicillin an antibiotic and chlorpromazine a tranquilliser

Teacher's Note:
1. Recall the standard fact and the usual example from the drugs and food-chemicals list.

Answer: (b) tincture of iodine is a 2-3 percent solution of iodoform in alcohol-water

Explanation:
1. Tincture of iodine contains iodine itself (2-3 percent) dissolved in alcohol-water, not iodoform
2. The other statements are correct

Teacher's Note:
1. Recall the standard fact and the usual example from the drugs and food-chemicals list.

Answer: (b) a broad-spectrum antibiotic

Explanation:
1. Chloramphenicol (chloromycetin) acts against typhoid, dysentery, meningitis and many other infections
2. It is therefore a broad-spectrum antibiotic

Teacher's Note:
1. Recall the standard fact and the usual example from the drugs and food-chemicals list.

Answer: (d) bithional

Explanation:
1. Bithional is an antiseptic added to soaps
2. The other three are produced by or derived from micro-organisms

Teacher's Note:
1. Recall the standard fact and the usual example from the drugs and food-chemicals list.

Answer: (d) erythromycin

Explanation:
1. Erythromycin, tetracycline and chloramphenicol only inhibit growth
2. Penicillin, aminoglycosides and ofloxacin kill the bacteria

Teacher's Note:
1. Recall the standard fact and the usual example from the drugs and food-chemicals list.

Answer: (b) ampicillin

Explanation:
1. Ampicillin and amoxycillin are semi-synthetic penicillins with a broader spectrum

Teacher's Note:
1. Recall the standard fact and the usual example from the drugs and food-chemicals list.

Answer: (c) liquid hydrogen + liquid oxygen

Explanation:
1. A propellant needs a fuel and an oxidiser
2. Liquid H2 is the fuel and liquid O2 the oxidiser

Teacher's Note:
1. Recall the standard fact and the usual example from the drugs and food-chemicals list.

Answer: (a) acetylsalicylic acid

Explanation:
1. Aspirin is 2-acetoxybenzoic acid, that is, acetylsalicylic acid

Teacher's Note:
1. Recall the standard fact and the usual example from the drugs and food-chemicals list.

Answer: (d) non-biodegradable pollutant

Explanation:
1. DDT persists in the environment and accumulates in food chains

Teacher's Note:
1. Recall the standard fact and the usual example from the drugs and food-chemicals list.

Answer: (a) methyl isocyanate

Explanation:
1. The gas was methyl isocyanate, CH3-N=C=O

Teacher's Note:
1. Recall the standard fact and the usual example from the drugs and food-chemicals list.

Answer: (c) phenelzine

Explanation:
1. Phenelzine is an antidepressant that inhibits the enzyme degrading noradrenaline
2. Cimetidine and ranitidine block histamine receptors in the stomach and Al(OH)3 neutralises acid

Teacher's Note:
1. Recall the standard fact and the usual example from the drugs and food-chemicals list.

Answer: (a) sodium lauryl sulphate

Explanation:
1. Sodium lauryl sulphate is C12H25OSO3- Na+
2. Cetyltrimethylammonium bromide is cationic and sodium stearate is a soap

Teacher's Note:
1. Recall the standard fact and the usual example from the drugs and food-chemicals list.

Answer: (c) diphenhydramine

Explanation:
1. Diphenhydramine blocks the action of histamine at allergy receptors
2. Omeprazole reduces acid release, chloramphenicol is an antibiotic, norethindrone is a contraceptive

Teacher's Note:
1. Recall the standard fact and the usual example from the drugs and food-chemicals list.