JEE Chemistry Chemistry In Everyday Life MCQs Set 03

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Chapter-wise Objective Questions: Chemistry In Everyday Life

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Multiple Choice Questions

Question 1: Which of the following is an anticancer species?
(a) [PtCl4]2-
(b) cis-[Pt(NH3)2Cl2]
(c) trans-[Pt(NH3)2Cl2]
(d) [PtCl3(C2H4)]-
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (b) cis-[Pt(NH3)2Cl2]

Explanation:
1. cis-Platin, cis-[Pt(NH3)2Cl2], binds to DNA of cancer cells and stops their division.
2. The trans isomer is inactive.

Teacher's Note:
1. Only the cis isomer is therapeutic.
2. Cisplatin is used in treating ovarian and testicular cancer.

Question 2: Aspirin is also known as
(a) methyl salicylic acid
(b) acetyl salicylate
(c) methyl salicylate
(d) acetylsalicylic acid
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (d) acetylsalicylic acid

Explanation:
1. Aspirin is the acetyl ester of salicylic acid, 2-acetoxybenzoic acid.
2. Methyl salicylate is oil of wintergreen.

Teacher's Note:
1. Aspirin is an analgesic, antipyretic and an anti-blood-clotting agent.
2. It is made by acetylating salicylic acid.

Question 3: Paracetamol is a(n)
(a) analgesic
(b) antipyretic
(c) both analgesic and antipyretic
(d) antiseptic
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (c) both analgesic and antipyretic

Explanation:
1. Paracetamol relieves pain and lowers fever.
2. It is not an antiseptic.

Teacher's Note:
1. It is a mild drug with fewer side effects than aspirin on the stomach.
2. Overdose damages the liver.

Question 4: Acetylsalicylic acid (2-acetoxybenzoic acid) is used as an
(a) antiseptic
(b) analgesic
(c) antibiotic
(d) micro-organism
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (b) analgesic

Explanation:
1. It relieves pain and reduces fever, so it is an analgesic and antipyretic.

Teacher's Note:
1. Low doses prevent heart attacks by thinning blood.
2. It inhibits prostaglandin synthesis.

Question 5: Which among the following is a tranquilizer?
(a) Equanil
(b) Promethazine
(c) Omeprazole
(d) Cimetidine
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (a) Equanil

Explanation:
1. Equanil (meprobamate) is a tranquilizer.
2. Promethazine is an antihistamine, and omeprazole and cimetidine reduce acid secretion.

Teacher's Note:
1. Tranquilizers treat anxiety and mild mental disorders.
2. Valium and veronal are also in this class.

Question 6: Which one of the following is employed as a tranquilizer?
(a) Chlorpheniramine
(b) Equanil
(c) Naproxen
(d) Tetracycline
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (b) Equanil

Explanation:
1. Equanil is a tranquilizer.
2. Chlorpheniramine is an antihistamine, naproxen is an analgesic and tetracycline is an antibiotic.

Teacher's Note:
1. Do not confuse antihistamines with tranquilizers.
2. Both can cause drowsiness.

Question 7: Green chemistry means such reactions which
(a) reduce the use and production of hazardous chemicals
(b) are related to the depletion of the ozone layer
(c) study the reaction in plants
(d) produce colour during reactions
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (a) reduce the use and production of hazardous chemicals

Explanation:
1. Green chemistry aims at minimising the use and generation of hazardous substances.

Teacher's Note:
1. It focuses on prevention of waste.
2. Use of safer solvents is part of it.

Question 8: Which one of the following is employed as a tranquilizer?
(a) Mifepristone
(b) Promethazine
(c) Valium
(d) Naproxen
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (c) Valium

Explanation:
1. Valium (diazepam) is a tranquilizer.
2. Mifepristone is an antifertility drug, promethazine an antihistamine and naproxen an analgesic.

Teacher's Note:
1. Valium is a benzodiazepine.
2. Tranquilizers act on the central nervous system.

Question 9: Which one of the following is employed as an antihistamine?
(a) Chloramphenicol
(b) Diphenylhydramine
(c) Norethindrone
(d) Omeprazole
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (b) Diphenylhydramine

Explanation:
1. Diphenylhydramine (diphenhydramine) is an antihistamine.
2. Chloramphenicol is an antibiotic and norethindrone is an antifertility drug.

Teacher's Note:
1. Antihistamines block histamine receptors.
2. They relieve allergy symptoms.

Question 10: Amoxycillin is
(a) a broad spectrum antibiotic
(b) bacteriostatic
(c) a synthetic modification of penicillin
(d) both (a) and (c)
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (d) both (a) and (c)

Explanation:
1. Amoxycillin is a semisynthetic modification of penicillin and acts against many bacteria.
2. It is bactericidal, not bacteriostatic.

Teacher's Note:
1. Ampicillin is similar.
2. Bactericidal antibiotics kill bacteria and bacteriostatic ones slow growth.

Question 11: A mixture of chloroxylenol and terpineol acts as
(a) an antiseptic
(b) an antipyretic
(c) an antibiotic
(d) an analgesic
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (a) an antiseptic

Explanation:
1. The mixture of chloroxylenol and terpineol is the antiseptic Dettol.

Teacher's Note:
1. Antiseptics are applied to living tissues.
2. Disinfectants are used on non-living objects.

Question 12: Which of the following statements is incorrect?
(a) Equanil is a tranquilizer
(b) Novestrol is an antifertility drug
(c) Chloramphenicol is a narrow spectrum antibiotic
(d) A competitive inhibitor binds to the enzyme
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (c) Chloramphenicol is a narrow spectrum antibiotic

Explanation:
1. Chloramphenicol is a broad spectrum antibiotic, so (c) is wrong.
2. The other statements are correct.

Teacher's Note:
1. Broad spectrum antibiotics act on many types of bacteria.
2. Penicillin G is narrow spectrum.

Question 13: Chloramphenicol is a(n)
(a) antiseptic and disinfectant
(b) antibiotic of broad spectrum
(c) antifertility drug
(d) antihistamine
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (b) antibiotic of broad spectrum

Explanation:
1. Chloramphenicol is a broad spectrum antibiotic active against many bacteria.

Teacher's Note:
1. It is used in typhoid.
2. It is a very effective drug but used under supervision.

Question 14: Antiseptics and disinfectants either kill or prevent the growth of microorganisms. Which of the following statements is not true?
(a) Disinfectants harm living tissues
(b) A 0.2 percent solution of phenol is an antiseptic while a 1 percent solution acts as a disinfectant
(c) Chlorine and iodine are used as strong disinfectants
(d) Dilute solutions of boric acid and hydrogen peroxide are strong antiseptics
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (d) Dilute solutions of boric acid and hydrogen peroxide are strong antiseptics

Explanation:
1. Boric acid and hydrogen peroxide are weak antiseptics when dilute, so (d) is not true.
2. The other statements match the standard definitions.

Teacher's Note:
1. Antiseptics are mild and used on skin.
2. Disinfectants are stronger and used on floors and drains.

Question 15: An artificial sweetener which is stable under cold conditions only is
(a) saccharin
(b) sucralose
(c) aspartame
(d) alitame
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (c) aspartame

Explanation:
1. Aspartame decomposes at cooking temperature, so it is used only in cold foods and drinks.
2. Saccharin, sucralose and alitame are stable at higher temperatures.

Teacher's Note:
1. Sucralose is trichlorosucrose and is stable at cooking temperature.
2. Aspartame is about 100 times sweeter than sucrose.

Question 16: Bithional is generally added to soaps as a(n)
(a) dryer
(b) buffering agent
(c) antiseptic
(d) softener
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (c) antiseptic

Explanation:
1. Bithional is an antiseptic added to medicated soaps.

Teacher's Note:
1. Antiseptic soaps kill skin bacteria.
2. Bithional has been replaced by other agents in many products.

Question 17: Which of the following is an analgesic?
(a) Novalgin
(b) Penicillin
(c) Streptomycin
(d) Chloromycetin
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (a) Novalgin

Explanation:
1. Novalgin is an analgesic and antipyretic.
2. The other three are antibiotics.

Teacher's Note:
1. Analgesics reduce pain without affecting the nervous system much.
2. Narcotic analgesics include morphine.

Question 18: Assertion (A): Calcium salt of a fatty acid can be used as soap.
Reason (R): Calcium salts of fatty acids are water soluble.
(a) Both Assertion and Reason are true and the Reason is a correct explanation of the Assertion.
(b) Both Assertion and Reason are true but the Reason is not a correct explanation of the Assertion.
(c) Assertion is true but the Reason is false.
(d) Both Assertion and Reason are false.
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (d) Both Assertion and Reason are false.

Explanation:
1. Calcium salts of fatty acids are insoluble and form scum, so they are not used as soaps, and A is false.
2. R is false for the same reason.

Teacher's Note:
1. Soaps are sodium or potassium salts.
2. Hard water has Ca and Mg ions that form scum.

Question 19: Assertion (A): Aspirin is used to reduce the chance of heart attack.
Reason (R): Aspirin increases the rate of prostaglandin synthesis.
(a) Both Assertion and Reason are true and the Reason is a correct explanation of the Assertion.
(b) Both Assertion and Reason are true but the Reason is not a correct explanation of the Assertion.
(c) Assertion is true but the Reason is false.
(d) Both Assertion and Reason are false.
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (c) Assertion is true but the Reason is false.

Explanation:
1. Aspirin has an anti-blood-clotting effect, so A is true.
2. It inhibits prostaglandin synthesis, so R is false.

Teacher's Note:
1. Prostaglandins cause pain and inflammation.
2. Their inhibition gives the analgesic effect.

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