Download JEE MCQs for JEE Chemistry: Chemical Bonding and Molecular Structure
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Chapter-wise Objective Questions: Chemical Bonding and Molecular Structure
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Multiple Choice Questions
Assertion–Reason Questions
Assertion (A): The bond energy of the H-H bond is greater than that of Cl-Cl.
Reason (R): H2 is more covalent than \( \ce{Cl2} \).
(a) Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A.
(b) Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A.
(c) A is true, but R is false.
(d) A is false, but R is true.
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Answer: (c) A is true, but R is false.
Explanation:
1. H-H = 436 kJ/mol and Cl-Cl = 243 kJ/mol (A true). The statement R is not correct since both are purely covalent bonds with no ionic contribution.
Teacher's Note:
1. Bond energy depends on size and overlap.
Assertion (A): The bond order of \( \ce{O2} \) and BN is the same.
Reason (R): \( \ce{O2} \) and BN are isoelectronic.
(a) Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A.
(b) Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A.
(c) A is true, but R is false.
(d) A is false, but R is true.
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Answer: (c) A is true, but R is false.
Explanation:
1. BN (12 valence electrons) has bond order 2, like O2, so A is true.
2. R is false: O2 has 16 valence electrons, so O2 and BN are not isoelectronic.
Teacher's Note:
1. Count the valence electrons.
Assertion (A): p-Nitrophenol is more viscous than o-nitrophenol.
Reason (R): In p-nitrophenol, intermolecular H-bonding occurs.
(a) Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A.
(b) Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A.
(c) A is true, but R is false.
(d) A is false, but R is true.
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Answer: (a) Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A.
Explanation:
1. o-Nitrophenol has intramolecular hydrogen bonding, so p-nitrophenol with intermolecular H bonds is more viscous. R explains A.
Teacher's Note:
1. Intermolecular H bonds raise viscosity.
Assertion (A): \( \ce{H2O2} \) is not used as a solvent for ionic compounds.
Reason (R): The dielectric constant of \( \ce{H2O2} \) is low.
(a) Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A.
(b) Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A.
(c) A is true, but R is false.
(d) A is false, but R is true.
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Answer: (c) A is true, but R is false.
Explanation:
1. H2O2 is unstable and oxidising, so it is not used as a solvent (A true). R is false: its dielectric constant is high (about 70).
Teacher's Note:
1. The reason is chemical reactivity.
Assertion (A): \( \ce{OF4} \) does not exist.
Reason (R): Empty d-orbitals are absent in the valence shell of oxygen.
(a) Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A.
(b) Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A.
(c) A is true, but R is false.
(d) A is false, but R is true.
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Answer: (a) Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A.
Explanation:
1. Oxygen is in period 2, so it cannot expand its octet to accommodate four F atoms. R explains A.
Teacher's Note:
1. No d-orbitals in period 2.
Assertion (A): \( \ce{BeCl2} \) shows covalent character.
Reason (R): There is more polarisation of \( \ce{Cl^-} \) by \( \ce{Be^2+} \).
(a) Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A.
(b) Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A.
(c) A is true, but R is false.
(d) A is false, but R is true.
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Answer: (a) Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A.
Explanation:
1. Be2+ is small and highly charged, so it strongly polarises Cl-, giving a covalent bond. R explains A.
Teacher's Note:
1. Fajans' rules.
Assertion (A): MgO and NaF are isomorphous.
Reason (R): The crystal structure of MgO and NaF is identical.
(a) Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A.
(b) Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A.
(c) A is true, but R is false.
(d) A is false, but R is true.
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Answer: (a) Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A.
Explanation:
1. Both crystallise in the rock salt structure (and have the same number of electrons for each ion). R states the basis of isomorphism.
Teacher's Note:
1. Isomorphous compounds have the same crystal structure.
Assertion (A): Sigma bonds are stronger than pi bonds.
Reason (R): Sigma bonds are covalent bonds.
(a) Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A.
(b) Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A.
(c) A is true, but R is false.
(d) A is false, but R is true.
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Answer: (b) Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A.
Explanation:
1. Axial overlap is greater than sidewise overlap, so A is true. R is true but pi bonds are also covalent, so it does not explain A.
Teacher's Note:
1. Extent of overlap decides strength.
Assertion (A): Both \( \ce{H2O} \) and \( \ce{SnCl2} \) are bent molecules.
Reason (R): Both \( \ce{H2O} \) and \( \ce{SnCl2} \) are sp2 hybridised.
(a) Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A.
(b) Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A.
(c) A is true, but R is false.
(d) A is false, but R is true.
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Answer: (c) A is true, but R is false.
Explanation:
1. H2O (two lone pairs) is bent and SnCl2 (one lone pair) is bent (A true).
2. R is false: H2O is sp3 and SnCl2 is sp2.
Teacher's Note:
1. Count electron pairs.
Assertion (A): NO is paramagnetic in nature.
Reason (R): The bond order of NO is 2.5.
(a) Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A.
(b) Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A.
(c) A is true, but R is false.
(d) A is false, but R is true.
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Answer: (b) Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A.
Explanation:
1. NO has an unpaired electron in pi* (paramagnetic). R is true but does not explain the magnetic character.
Teacher's Note:
1. Bond order tells strength, not magnetism.
Assertion (A): Nitrogen is unreactive at room temperature but becomes reactive at elevated temperature.
Reason (R): In the nitrogen molecule, there is extensive delocalisation of electrons.
(a) Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A.
(b) Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A.
(c) A is true, but R is false.
(d) A is false, but R is true.
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Answer: (c) A is true, but R is false.
Explanation:
1. The N#N bond is very strong (945 kJ/mol), so N2 is inert at room temperature (A true). R is false: there is no delocalisation in N2.
Teacher's Note:
1. Reactivity depends on bond strength.
Assertion (A): The electronic structure of ozone is O=O(+)-O(-).
Reason (R): The structure with a doubly bonded central oxygen carrying a lone pair is not allowed because the octet around 'O' cannot be expanded.
(a) Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A.
(b) Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A.
(c) A is true, but R is false.
(d) A is false, but R is true.
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Answer: (a) Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A.
Explanation:
1. The central O can have at most 8 electrons, so the structure with 10 electrons is not allowed. R explains A.
Teacher's Note:
1. Period-2 atoms obey the octet rule.
Assertion (A): \( \ce{LiCl} \) is predominantly a covalent compound.
Reason (R): The electronegativity difference between Li and Cl is too small.
(a) Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A.
(b) Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A.
(c) A is true, but R is false.
(d) A is false, but R is true.
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Answer: (c) A is true, but R is false.
Explanation:
1. LiCl shows covalent character because of polarisation (A true). R is false: the EN difference between Li and Cl is large (about 2).
Teacher's Note:
1. Covalency arises from Fajans' rules.
Assertion (A): Ozone is a powerful oxidising agent compared to \( \ce{O2} \).
Reason (R): Ozone is diamagnetic but \( \ce{O2} \) is paramagnetic.
(a) Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A.
(b) Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A.
(c) A is true, but R is false.
(d) A is false, but R is true.
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Answer: (b) Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A.
Explanation:
1. O3 readily gives up nascent oxygen (A true). R is also true but is not the explanation of the oxidising power.
Teacher's Note:
1. Instability of O3 explains its reactivity.
Assertion (A): Some molecules are polar.
Reason (R): The centres of negative and positive charge do not coincide in some molecules.
(a) Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A.
(b) Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A.
(c) A is true, but R is false.
(d) A is false, but R is true.
Show Answer & Explanation
Answer: (a) Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A.
Explanation:
1. Polarity is due to separation of the centres of positive and negative charge. R explains A.
Teacher's Note:
1. Dipole moment = charge x distance.
Assertion (A): \( \ce{ClF3} \) has a T-shape structure.
Reason (R): It has two lone pairs arranged at 180 degrees (angle).
(a) Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A.
(b) Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A.
(c) A is true, but R is false.
(d) A is false, but R is true.
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Answer: (c) A is true, but R is false.
Explanation:
1. ClF3 is T-shaped because its two lone pairs are arranged in equatorial positions (A true). R is false: the lone pairs are at 120 degrees.
Teacher's Note:
1. Lone pairs occupy equatorial positions.
Assertion (A): The H2O molecule can form four hydrogen bonds.
Reason (R): Two lone pairs and two hydrogens are directly attached to the oxygen atom.
(a) Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A.
(b) Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A.
(c) A is true, but R is false.
(d) A is false, but R is true.
Show Answer & Explanation
Answer: (a) Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A.
Explanation:
1. Each H2O can donate two H bonds (two H) and accept two (two lone pairs). R explains A.
Teacher's Note:
1. Total four H bonds per molecule in ice.
Assertion (A): The bond angle in R-O-R (ether) is more than expected.
Reason (R): It is due to lone pair-lone pair repulsion.
(a) Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A.
(b) Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A.
(c) A is true, but R is false.
(d) A is false, but R is true.
Show Answer & Explanation
Answer: (c) A is true, but R is false.
Explanation:
1. The angle is larger than in water because of repulsion between the bulky R groups, so A is true. R is false.
Teacher's Note:
1. Steric repulsion of alkyl groups widens the angle.
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Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs) for JEE Chemistry Chemical Bonding and Molecular Structure
JEE Chemistry Chemical Bonding and Molecular Structure Objective Test Questions
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FAQs
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