NEET UG Biology Biomolecules 2 MCQs

IMPORTANT POINTS

Proteins are important compound of cytoplasm. They consist of C, H, O, N and S. Proteins are soluble in water but keratin is insoluble in any solvent .The structural unit of protein is amino acid. They are linked with the help of peptide bond. There are 20 types of amino acids in living organisms. They possess an-NH₂ group,a-COOH group, an ‘H’ and a ‘R’ group.They differ from each other in the composition of their ‘R’ group. It is amphoteric in nature. Structurally proteins are classified in to four types. All enzymes are made up of protein. When protein becomes associated with some materials other than amino acids they are known as conjugated proteins.

Nucleic acids consist of C, H, O, N and P. Each nucleotides is made up of a pentose sugar, nitrogen base and phosphoric acid. DNA & RNA are example of nucleic acids. Uracil is not in DNA andthymine is not in RNA. There are three types of RNS.

Specific chemicals which act as biological catalysts are called enzymes. Chemically enzymes are protein. Sometimes an enzyme is also poses a non protein part. In such type of enzyme protein part is known as apoenzyme and non protein part is called cofactor. Prosthetic group tightly bound with them and coenzyme are loosely bound with them. Enzymes are classified in to six categories on the basis of biochemical reactions catalyzed by them.

(1) Which of the following cell organelle is stored the information of synthesize Proteins?

(a) Mitochondria

(b) Nucleus

(c) Chloroplast

(d) Cell membrane

(2) Which of following elements are stored the information of Proteins?

(a) Lipid

(b) Polysaccharide

(c) Amino acid

(d) Nucleic acid

(3) Find out the Miss matched pairs:

(a) Protein – important compounds of nucleus

(b) Nucleic acid – major components of chromosomes

(c) Amino acid – an amphoteric compound

(d) Enzymes – Colloidal catalysts

(4) Which of the following are linked together to form Proteins ?

(a) Phosphate

(b) Nitrogen base

(c) Sugar

(d) Amino acids

(5) Which one of the following is incorrect for Protein:

(a) They transport some nutrients across cell membrane

(b) They are heteropolymer of amino acids

(c) They possess C, H, O, N and P in their constitution

(d) They are very important compounds of cytoplasm

(6) Total numbers of amino acids are involved in protein synthesis in Plants:

(a) 10

(b) 22

(c) 13

(d) 20

(7) Which one is the most abundant protein in the animal world?

(a) Collagen

(b) keratin

(c) RUBISCO

(d) Hemoglobin

(8) Full form of RUBISCO is:

(a) Ribulose Bisulphate Carboxylase Oxygenare

(b) Ribuose Biphosphate Carboxylase Oxygenare

(c) Ribuose Bisulphate Carboxylase Oxygenare

(d) Ribulose Biphosphate Carboxylase Oxygenare

(9) Match the items in column – I with appropriate items in column – II and pick up correct ans

   Column – I              Column – II

(P) RUBISCO          (i) contractile protein

(Q) Keratin            (ii) insoluble protein

(R) Hemoglobin     (iii) most abundant protein

(S) globular         (iv) conjugated protein

    P Q R S

(a) iii ii iv i

(b) iii iv ii i

(c) iv I iii ii

(d) I ii iv iii

(10) Polypeptide chain of amino acid is:

(a) Nucleic acid

(b) Glycogen

(c) Protein

(d) Cellulose

(11) At high temperature proteins are:

(a) Destroyed

(b) inactive

(c) denatured

(d) a or b

(12) The structure of protein can be destroyed by which rays

(a) Ultra violet rays

(b) Infra red rays

(c) Radio waves

(d) Micro waves

(13) Amino acid is an amphoteric compound because:

(a) It contains an amino group and a carboxyl group

(b) It contains an amino group and a functional group

(c) It contains a functional group and a carboxyl group

(d) It contains one H and a-R group

(14) The unique property of each amino acid is determined by its particular:

(a) –COOH group (b) –NH₂ group (c) –R group (d) peptide bond

(15) Which of the following is the most widely classification method of amino acid:

(a) Whittaker method (b) Linnaeus method

(c) Ernest chain method (d) Lehninger method

(16) Which one is the correct group of amino acids with polar and negatively Charged –R group?

(a) Glutamate, Tyrosine (b) Argentine, Lysine

(c) Tryptophan, Proline (d) Glutamate, Aspartic acid

(17) Find out the one group of amino acids which are related with each other:

(a) Valine, Histidine (b) Serine, Tyrosine

(c) Glutamate, Proline (d) Lysine, Laucine

(18) Aspartic acid and lysine are linkage each other with which bond:

(a) Ester bond (b) Glycoside bond

(c) Phosphodiaster bond (d) Peptide bond

(19) Match column – I and column –II and select the correct option:

    Column – I            Column – II

(P)Arginine            (i) polar and negatively changed ‘R’ group

(Q) Glassine          (ii) non polar ‘R’ group

(R) Methionine      (iii) polar and positively changed ‘R’ group

(S) Aspartic acid   (iv) polar and ‘R’ group

     P Q R S

(a) iii iv ii i

(b) ii I iv iii

(c) I iv ii iii

(d) iii ii iv i

(20) Amino acids are attached each other with which bond?

(a) Ester bonds (b) Hydrogen bonds

(c) Sulphur bonds (d) peptide bonds

(21) Dipeptide means:

(a) Two similar amino acids attached by peptide bond

(b) Two dissimilar amino acids attached by peptide bond

(c) Two similar or dissimilar amino acids attached by peptide bond

(d) Two similar or dissimilar proteins attached by peptide bond

(22) Which macromolecule is the most diverse in cell and controlling biochemical Properties?

(a) Polynucleotide (b) Polysaccharide

(c) Polypeptide (d) polysomes

(23) The primary structure of proteins is due to

(a) Ionic bonds (b) Peptide bonds (c) Hydrogen bond (d) S-S Linkages

(24) Proteins means

(a) Micromolecule (b) Macromolecule (c) Soluble (d) Colloidal

(25) The structure of protein can be denatured by

(a) At high temperature (b) In dilute solution of acid

(c) In the presence of CO₂ (d) a, b, c all

(40) What is the shape of the three dimensional structure of protein?

(a) Flat sheet like (b) Globular (c) Fibrous (d) b or c

 

(41) Which of the following bond groups are involved in the formation of quaternary Protein?

(a) Peptide bond, covalent bond (b) Disulphide bond, Ionic bond

(c) Easter bond, phosphodiester bond (d) b and c both

 

(42) Which one is not correct for hemoglobin?

(a) It is known as conjugated protein

(b) It is the combination 0f 2- α and 2-β chain

(c) It is a protein which imparts color to the body

(d) It is molecule which contains four hacme groups.

 

(43) Find out the miss matched pair

(a) Melanin-imparts color to the body

(b) Hemoglobin – transport of oxygen

(c) Chlorophyll – must for photosynthesis

(d) Immunoglobulin- responsible for movements of body

 

(44) Which of the following statement is incorrect about lmmunoglobulin?

(a) It has the property of immunity

(b) It consist of more than one polypeptide chain

(c) It present in blood cell

(d) b and c both

 

(45) What does the following diagram show?

(a) Quaternary structure of protein

(b) polypeptide chain

(c) Molecule structure of protein

(d) Secondary structure of protein

 

 

(46) Give the correct names of A, B and C shown in the figure

(a) A= Haem group, B=α - chain C=β -chain

(b) A=β chain, B= Hacme group C= α -chain

(c) A= S-S bond, B=Haem group C= peptide chain

(d) A= α - chain, B=S-S bonds C=β -chain

 

(47) The classification of the protein in two types depends on

(a) Structure and function (b) Types of amino acid

(c) Numbers of amino acid (d) none above

 

(48) Which one molecule is finding a Weakly acidic substrate of unknown function in The nuclei of human WBC ?

(a) Nucleic acid (b) nuclein (c) Protein (d) Chromosome

 

(49) Nuclein separated in to which components?

(a) Protein + chromosome (b) Protein + Nucleic acid

(c) Nucleic acid + nitrogen base (d) Nuceicoside + Nucleotide

(56) Which one is the correct structure of phosphoric acid?

(57) Which of the following is correct for deoxyribose sugar?

(a) Uracil (b)Cytosine

(c) Thymine (d)Ribose

 

(61) The illustration given below is which nitrogen base:

 

 

(a) Guanine (b) Cytosine (c) Uracil (d) Adenine

(62) The following diagram represents the nitrogenous bases of nucleic acid Molecules Identify the correct combination:

 

(a) A= Guanine , B= Uracil (b) A= Adenine , B= Thymine

(c) A= Cytosine , B= Adenine (d) A= thymine , B= Guanine

 

(63) What is Ribonucleoside?

(a) Ribose + Nucleic acid (b) Ribose + Nitrogen base

(c) Ribose + Phosphate (d) Ribose + Adenine

 

(64) What ‘A’ and ‘B’ indicates in the given diagram?

(71) Nucleic acids are related with which activity?

(a) Digestion (b) Respiration (c) Reproduction (d) Heredity

 

(72) What ‘A’ and ‘B’ indicates in the given structure?

 

(74) Chemically DNA differs from RNA by:

(a) Thymine and deoxyribose present in DNA and Uracil and ribose in RNA

(b) Uracil and deoxyribose in DNA and thymine and ribose in RNA

(c) Deoxyribose in DNA and ribose in RNA

(d) Two nucleotide in DNA and one nucleotide in RNA

 

(75) Nucleic acids are polymers of which molecules?

(a) Nucleosides (b) Nucleotides (c) Polypeptides (d) polysomes

 

(76) A molecule of ATP is structurally most similar to a molecule of?

(a) RNA (b) Protein (c) Lipid (d) Amino acid

 

(77) Which is the site of protein synthesis?

(a) Chromosomes (b) DNA (c) Polysomes (d) Tonoplast

 

(78) Select the specific base pairs of DNA:

(a) Adenine and Cytosine (b) Guanine and Adenine

(c) Adenine and Thymine (d) Guanine and Uracil

 

(79) The DNA stands are antiparallel because of:

(a) Ester bond (b) Phosphodiester bond

(c) Disulphide bond (d) Hydrogen bond

 

(82) Which one of the following bases is found only in RNA and not in DNA?

(a) Guanine (b) Adenine (c) Uracil (d) Thymine

 

(83) The scientists who discovered the structure of DNA molecule

(a) Miller and mandal (b) Khorana and Nirenberg

(c) Calvin and Wilkinson (d) Waston and Crick

 

(84) Mention the example of dinuclotide in the given structure.

(a) RNA with UA

(b) RNA with CG

(c) DNA with TA

(d) DNA with CG

 

(85) The structure of DNA like a spiral ladder because

(a) Purine and Pyrimidine are on the opposite side

(b) Purine and Pyrimidine linked with hydrogen bond

(c) All nucleotides join through a phosphodiester bond

(d) Two polynucleotide chains arranged parallel to each other and are spirally Twisted

 

(86) The hydrogen bonds between adenine and guanine are

(a) 2 (b) 3 (c) 1 (d) 0

(124) Enzymes are named after their substrate adding suffix –

(a) —- In (b) — ase (c) — ose (d) — on

 

(125) The enzyme which removes hydrogen from the substrate is known as:

(a) Oxido-reductase (b) Dehydrogenase

(c) Hydrogenase (d) Hydrolyses

 

(126) The product is realized from which site of the enzyme?

(a) Simple site (b) active site (c) Complex site (d) Inactive site

 

(127) What ‘A’ and ‘B’ indicates in the given figure (reaction)?

(a) A= ES complex B=S (b) A=S B=E

(c) A= ES complex B=E (d) A= EP complex, B=E

 

(128) which of the following enzyme would correct glucose in to glucose-6-phosphate

(a) Hydrolyses (b) Lyases (c) Isomerases (d) Trans ferase

 

(129) Glucose + ATP → glucose – 6-phosphate +ADP which enzyme occur this reaction?

(a) Glucose isomerase (b) Glucose oxidase

(c) Glucose dehydrogenase (d) Hexokinase

 

(130) which enzyme would change glucose – 6 phosphate to fructose – 6 phosphate?

(a) Transferase (b) Isomerase (c) Lyases (d) glucose phosphatase

 

(131) which enzyme involved in hydrolysis of maltose to glucose?

(a) Synthetase (b) maltase (c) Galactose (d) Lyases

 

(132) the enzyme which also known as scissor?

(a) Lyases (b) Ligarer (c) Isomerases (d) Trans ferasess

 

(133) which enzyme involved in conversion of a molecular in to an isomer?

(a) Lyases (b) Synthetase (c) Isomerase (d) Transferase

 

(134) The enzyme which break up fructose 1, 6 biphosphate in to fructose phosphates known?

(a) Aldolase (b) Phosphatase

(c) Fructose phosphase (d) Fructose

 

(135) Which enzyme is needed to digest food reserve in pea seeds?

(a) Lipase (b) Nuclease (c) Proteases (d) Amylase

 

(136) The best example of extra cellular enzyme is?

(a) Nuclease (b) Digestive enzyme (c) Dehydrogenase (d) Lipase

(137) A non-protein component of enzyme is called?

(a) Co-factor (b) Activator (c) Co-enzyme (d) Inhibitor

 

(138) Which is an enzyme that joins acetic acid to Co A with the help of energy?

(a) Acetic acid co. A Synthetase (b) Ligases

(c) Acetyl co. A Synthetase (d) No one

 

(139) Carbonic anhydrase is activated in the presence of which elements?

(a) Mb (b) Mn (c) Ca (d) Zn

 

(140) Vanadium is necessary for the activation of which enzyme?

(a) Kinase (b) Maltase (c) Nitrogenase (d) Enolase

 

(141) Find out the correct group of co. factor which is activated enolase?

(a) Mg, Co, Ca (b) Mg, Mn, Zn (c) Co, Ca, V (d) Mn, Zn, V

 

(142) Which one is not a co. Enzyme?

(a) NAD (b) NADP (c) FAD (d) ADP

 

(143) Find out the correct group of enzyme which is activated by calcium?

(a) Nitric oxide Synthetase, protein phosphatase , adenylkinase

(b) Acetyl co. A Synthetase, fructose isomerase protein phosphatase

(c) Succinic dehydrogenase, Cytochrome oxidase, Aldolase

(d) All above

 

(144) Which of the following sets is not co enzyme?

(a) NAD, FAD, ATP (b) NAD, NHDP,FMN

(c) Fe, Cu, Zn (d) V, Ca, Mg

 

(145) Co enzyme differs from prosthetic group because:-

(a) They deactivates the enzymes

(b) They do not attached with apoenzyme

(c) They attached apoenzyme with loosely bound

(d) They activates the enzymes

 

(146) Maltose is composed in which form

(a) Glucose + galactoge (b) Glucose + fructose

(b) Glucose + Glucose (d) Glucose + Ribose

 

(147) S: protein carry out many functions in living organisms

A: all enzymes are made up of proteins

R: they are responsible for maintenance of proper rates of biochemical reaction in cell

(A) S&A are true but R is false

(B)S,A&R are true and R&A are the correct explanation of S

(C) S is true but A&R both are false

(D)S,A&R are true but R&A are not the correct explanation of S

 

The following options are given for question no 148 to 152.

(a) Both A&R are true and R is the correct explanation of A

(b) Both A&R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A

(c) A true R false

(d) both A & R are false

 

 

(153) Protein conjugated to carbohydrate is 

(a) Lecithoprotein (b) Glycoprotein (c) Lipoprotein (d) Metalloprotein

 

(154) DNA nucleotides are attached with

(a) Hydrogen bonds (b) covalent bonds

(c) Vander Waal’s force (d) Electrovalent bonds

 

(155) Most abundant organic compound on earth is 

(a) Protein (b) Cellulose (c) Lipid (d) Steroid

 

(156) Which one is a simple protein? 

(a) Albumin (b) Nucleoprotein (c) Lipoprotein (d) Glycoprotein

 

(157) Bond formed between the first phosphate group and adenosine in ATP is

(a) Nitrophosphate bond (b) Adenophosphate bond

(c) Phosphoanhydride bond (d) Phosphoester bond

 

(158) Nucleotides are building blocks of nucleic acids each nucleotide is a composite Molecule formed by

(a) (base-sugar-phosphate)_n (b) base-sugar-OH

(c) base-sugar-phosphate (d) sugar-phosphate

 

(159) Which one is not a nucleotide? 

(a) Adenine (b) Guanine (c) Thymine (d) Lysine

 

(160) Which one is a molecule of ATP? 

(a) Nucleosome (b) Nucleoside (c) nucleotide (d) deoxyribose

 

(161) t-RNA is a polymer of: 

(a) Deoxyribonucleoside (b) ribonucleoside

(c) Ribonucleotide (d) deoxyribotide

 

(162) Which one is Purine base of RNA? 

(a) Guanine (b) Thymine (c) Uracil (d) Cytosine

 

(163) Enzymes are formed by conjunction of which molecule? 

(a) Fatty acid (b) glucose (c) amino acid (d) carbon

 

(164) Co-enzyme means 

(a) Metal (b) Vitamin (c) Inorganic compound (d) a & c both

 

(165) Enzymes in boiling water 

(a) Destroyed (b) Denatured

(c) Uneffective (d) Inactive

 

(166) Which one is the contractile protein 

(a) Collagen (b) globular

(c) tropomycin (d) keratin

 

(167) How many nucleotide present in DNA molecule which consist pair of 2000 N₂ base?

(a) 2,000 (b) 5,000 (c) 10,000 (d) 40,000

 

(168) Which one is not gain by the hydrolysis of nucleoside? 

(a) Purine (b) Pentose sugar

(c) Phosphoric acid (d) Pyrimidine

 

(169) Enzyme by natured: 

(a) vitamin (b) carbohydrate (c) polypeptide (d) Fatty acid

 

(170) The pair of nitrogen base in DNA is conjugated with 

(a) Disulphide bond (b) Hydrogen bond

(c) Peptide bond (d) Glycosidic bond

 

(171) The prosthetic group which is in the structure of enzyme 

(a) Loosely combining

(b) tightly binding

(c) It contain organic or inorganic structure

(d) only inorganic

 

(172) Enzyme speed up rate of reaction by 

(a) Combining with product (b) Forming reaction product complex

(c) Changing equilibrium of reaction (d) Covering activation energy

 

(173) The catalytic efficiency of two different enzymes can be compared by the

(a) The Km value (b) The PH qutimum value

(c) Formation of the product (d) Molecular size of the enzyme

 

(174) Which of the following cell organelles is rich in catabolic enzyme 

(a) Ribosome (b) chloroplast (c) Mitochondria (d) Golgicomplex

 

(175) Enzyme which help in electron transfer are: 

(a) Cytochrome (b) Isomerase (c) Protease (d) All of above

 

(176) The enzyme which fixes CO₂ in C₄ plant is 

(a) Hydrogenase (b)PEP carboxyl ase

(c) Reductase (d) RuBp carboxylase

 

(177) Enzyme involved in hydrolysis of starch to maltose is called: 

(a) Sucrase (b) Amylase (c) Lactase (d) Maltase