Refer to CBSE Class 12 Biology Ecosystem MCQs provided below. CBSE Class 12 Biology MCQs with answers available in Pdf for free download. The MCQ Questions for Class 12 Biology with answers have been prepared as per the latest syllabus, CBSE books and examination pattern suggested in Class 12 by CBSE, NCERT and KVS. Multiple Choice Questions for Chapter 14 Ecosystem are an important part of exams for Class 12 Biology and if practiced properly can help you to get higher marks. Refer to more Chapter-wise MCQs for CBSE Class 12 Biology and also download more latest study material for all subjects
MCQ for Class 12 Biology Chapter 14 Ecosystem
Class 12 Biology students should refer to the following multiple-choice questions with answers for Chapter 14 Ecosystem in Class 12. These MCQ questions with answers for Class 12 Biology will come in exams and help you to score good marks
Chapter 14 Ecosystem MCQ Questions Class 12 Biology with Answers
Question : An ecosystem is a
a) group of components that interact with one another.
b) group of interacting species in one place at one time.
c) biological community and component of the physical environment with which the community interacts.
d) group of interacting chemicals and their cycles.
Answer : C
Question : Which of the following is/are example(s) of man-made ecosystem?
a) Herbarium
b) Crop fields
c) Aquarium
d) Both b) and c)
Answer : D
Question : Vertical distribution of different species occupying different levels is called
a) enumeration
b) stratification
c) species composition
d) none of these
Answer : B
Question : Which one of the following is not an abiotic component?
a) Temperature
b) Decomposers
c) Water
d) Soil
Answer : B
Question : In an ecosystem abiotic components includes which of the following ?
a) Flow of energy
b) Cycling of materials
c) Consumers
d) Flow of energy and cycling of materials
Answer : D
Question : Two main structural features of an ecosystem are
a) species composition and stratification
b) species composition and productivity
c) productivity and energy flow
d) nutrient cycling and stratification
Answer : A
Question : Identification and enumeration of plant and animal species of an ecosystem gives its
a) productivity
b) stratification
c) species composition
d) all of these
Answer : C
Question : Primary productivity
a) is equal to the standing crop of an ecosystem.
b) is greatest in freshwater ecosystems.
c) is the rate of conversion of light to chemical energy in an ecosystem.
d) is inverted in some aquatic ecosystems
Answer : C
Question : The rate at which light energy is converted into chemical energy of organic molecules is the ecosystem’s
a) net primary productivity
b) gross secondary productivity
c) net secondary productivity
d) gross primary productivity
Answer : D
Question : Which of the following most often limits the primary productivity of the ecosystem ?
a) Solar radiation/light
b) Oxygen
c) Consumers
d) Nitrogen
Answer : A
Question : Decomposers like fungi and bacteria are:
i. autotrophs
ii. heterotrophs
iii. saprotrophs
iv. chemo-autotrophs.
Choose the correct answer
a) ii and iii,
b) i and ii
c) i and iv
d) i and iii
Answer : A
Question : The process of mineralisation by micro organisms helps in the release of
a) inorganic nutrients from humus
b) both organic and inorganic nutrients from detritus
c) organic nutrients from humus
d) inorganic nutrients from detritus and formation of humus
Answer : A
Question :
a) ii and iv
b) i and iii
c) iii
d) ii
Answer : A
Question : An inverted pyramid of biomass can be found in which ecosystem?
a) Marine
b) Forest
c) Grass land
d) Tundra
Answer : A
Question : Which of the following is not a producer?
a) Agaricus
b) Nostoc
c) Volvox
d) Spirogyra
Answer : A
Question : Which of the following ecosystems is most productive in terms of net primary production?
a) Tropical rain forests
b) Deserts
c) Oceans
d) Estuaries
Answer : A
Question : Pyramid of numbers is
a) Ether upright or inverted
b) Always inverted
c) Always upright
d) Neither upright nor inverted.
Answer : A
Question : Energy flow in ecosystem is
a) Unidirectional
b) Multidirectional
c) Bidirectional
d) None of these
Answer : A
Question : Which one of the following is one of the characteristics of a biological community?
a) Stratification
b) Natality
c) Mortality
d) None of these
Answer : A
Question : Which of the following is an example of man-made ecosystem?
a) Aquarium
b) Herbarium
c) Tissue culture
d) All of these
Answer : A
Question : Approximately how much of the solar energy that falls on the leaves of a plant is converted to chemical energy by photosynthesis?
a) 2-10%
b) 30%
c) 50%
d) Less than 1%
Answer : A
Question : Among the following, where do you think the process of decomposition would be the fastest?
a) Tropical rain forest
b) Antarctic
c) Dry arid region
d) Alpine region
Answer : A
Question : How much of the net primary productivity of a terrestrial ecosystem is eaten and digested by herbivores?
a) 10%
b) 1%
c) 40%
d) 90%
Answer : A
Question : During the process of ecological succession the changes that take place in communities are
a) Orderly and sequential
b) Random
c) Very quick
d) Not influenced by the physical environment.
Answer : A
Question : Climax community is in a state of
a) equilibrium
b) disorder
c) constant change
d) non-equilibrium
Answer : A
Question : Among the following bio-geo-chemical cycles which one does not have losses due to respiration?
a) All of the above
b) Sulphur
c) Nitrogen
d) Phosphorus
Answer : A
Question : These belong to the category of primary consumers
a) Insects and cattle
b) Snakes and Frogs
c) Eagle and snakes
d) Water insects
Answer : A
Question : Which one of the following pairs in mismatched?
a) Prairie - epiphytes
b) Savanna - acacia trees
c) Coniferous forest - evergreen trees
d) Tundra - permafrost
Answer : A
Question : Presence of plants arranged into well defined vertical layers depending on their height can be seen best in
a) Tropical Rain Forest
b) Grassland
c) None of these
d) Temperate Forest
Answer : A
Question : The term ecosystem was coined by
a) A.G. Tansley
b) E.P. Odum
c) E. Haeckel
d) E. Haeckel
Answer : A
Question : The sequence of communities of primary succession in water is
a) phytoplankton, rooted submerged hydrophytes, floating hydrophytes, reed swamp, sedges, meadow and trees
b) free-floating hydrophytes, sedges, phytoplankton, rooted hydrophytes, grasses and trees
c) phytoplankton, free-floating hydrophytes, rooted hydrophytes, sedges, grasses and trees.
d) phytoplankton, sedges, free-floating hydrophytes, rooted hydrophytes, grasses and trees.
Answer :A
Question : The reservoir for the gaseous type of bio-geo chemical cycle exists in
a) atmosphere
b) stratosphere
c) ionosphere
d) lithosphere
Answer : A
Question : If the carbon atoms fixed by producers already have passed through three species, the trophic level of the last species would be
a) tertiary consumer
b) secondary consumer
c) tertiary producer
d) scavenger
Answer : A
Question : Which of the following type of ecosystem is expected in an area where evaporation exceeds precipitation, and mean annual rainfall is below 100mm
a) Desert
b) Mangrove
c) Grassland
d) Shrubby forest
Answer : A
Question : The zone at the edge of a lake or ocean which is alternatively exposed to air and immersed in water is called
a) Littoral zone
b) Lentic one
c) Benthic zone
d) Pelagic zone
Answer : A
Question : Edaphic factor refers to
a) Soil
b) Relative humidity
c) Altitude
d) Water
Answer : A
Question : Which of the following is an ecosystem service provided by a natural ecosystem?
a) All of the above
b) Pollutant absorption and reduction of the threat of global warming
c) Prevention of soil erosion
d) Cycling of nutrients
Answer : A
Question : Which is the reason for highest biomass in aquatic ecosystem?
a) Benthonic and brown algae
b) Sea grass, and slime molds
c) Nanoplankton, blue green algae, green algae
d) None of these
Answer : A
Question : The average trophic efficiency of transfer of energy from one trophic level to the. higher trophic level is called
a) Linderman's trophic efficiency rule
b) Linderman's trophic efficiency rule
c) Assimilation. Efficiency
d) All of these
Answer : A
Question : Secondary Succession takes place on/in
a) Degraded forest
b) Bare rock
c) Newly cooled lava
d) None of these
Answer : A
Question : What is the annual net primary productivity of whole biosphere?
a) 170 billion tons (dry weight) of organic matter.
b) 165 billion tons (dry weight) of organic matter.
c) 160 billion tons (dry weight) of organic matter.
d) 155 billion tons (dry weight) of organic matter.
Answer : A
Question : Which one of the following process help the watersoluble inorganic nutrients go down into the soil horizon and get precipitated as unavailable salts?
a) Fragmentation
b) Leaching
c) Catabolism
d) Humification
Answer : B
Question : How much portion of the photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) is captured by the plants?
a) 5 – 10%
b) 7 – 10%
c) 8 – 10%
d) 2 – 10%
Answer : D
Question : Energy flow in an ecosystem is
a) unidirectional
b) bidirectional
c) multidirectional
d) all of these
Answer : A
Question : Each trophic level has a certain mass of living material at a particular time is known as
a) catabolism
b) standing crop
c) humification
d) primary productivity
Answer : B
Question : Ecosystems are ______ because resources ____ move from one ecosystem to another.
a) open; can
b) closed; cannot
c) one-way; can
d) one-way; cannot
Answer : A
Question : Energy pyramids are used to represent energy transfer in an ecosystem because energy is _______ between each trophic level.
a) gained
b) lost
c) conserved
d) either conserved or gained
Answer : B
Question : The primary difference between sedimentary and atmospheric cycles is that in _____ cycles the nutrient does not _____.
a) sedimentary; leave the terrestrial environment
b) sedimentary; leave the aquatic environment
c) atmospheric; leave the aquatic environment
d) sedimentary; enter the atmosphere
Answer : D
Question : Which one of the following pairs is a sedimentary type of biogeochemical cycle ?
a) Phosphorus and carbon monoxide
b) Oxygen and nitrogen
c) Phosphate and nitrogen
d) Phosphorus and sulphur
Answer : D
Question : Consider the following statements.
(i) An ecosystem is a functional unit of nature and comprises abiotic and biotic components.
(ii) Abiotic components are organic materials.
(iii) Biotic components are producers, consumers and decomposers.
(iv) Energy flow is bidirectional.
which two statements are correct ?
a) (i) and (ii)
b) (ii) and (iv)
c) (iii) and (iv)
d) (i) and (iii)
Answer : D
b) genus
d) species
b) soil moisture
d) predators
b) number
d) All of these
b) phytoplankton
d) neuston
b) fungi
d) blue-green algae
b) Cystopus
d) Anabaena
Answer : A
b) Azotobacter
d) Azospirillum
b) endemic
d) allopatric
Question : In a terrestrial ecosystem such as forest, maxi- mum energy is in which trophic level ?
a) T1
b) T2
c) T3
d) T4
Answer : A
Question : Which part of the world has high density of organisms?
a) Deciduous forests
b) Grasslands
c) Savannas
d) Tropical rain forests
Answer : D
Question : The maximum biomagnification would be in which of the following in case of aquatic ecosystem ?
a) Fishes
b) Phytoplanktons
c) Birds
d) Zooplanktons
Answer : A
Question : The greatest biomass of autotrophs in the world’s oceans is that of
a) benthic brown algae, coastal red algae and daphnids
b) benthic diatoms and marine viruses
c) sea grasses and slime molds
d) free-floating micro-algae, cyanobacteria and nanoplankton
Answer : D
Question : Which type of association is found in be- tween entomophilous flower and pollinat- ing agent?
a) Mutualism
b) Commensalism
c) Cooperation
d) Co-evolution
Answer : A
Question : Two different species cannot live for long duration in the same niche or habitat. This law is
a) Allen’s law
b) Mendel’s law
c) Gause’s competitive exclusion principal
d) Weismann’s theory
Answer : C
Question : Cause of mimicry is
a) attack (offence)
b) protection (defence)
c) Both a) and b)
d) isolation
Answer : C
Question : Choose the correct match Bladderwort, sun- dew, venus fly trap
a) Nepenthes, Dionea, Drosera
b) Nepenthes, Utricularia, Vanda
c) Utricularia, Drosera, Dionea
d) Dionea, Trapa, Vanda
Answer : C
Question : Bamboo plant is growing in a far forest then what will be the trophic level of it?
a) First trophic level (T1)
b) Second trophic level (T2)
c) Third trophic level (T3)
d) Fourth trophic level (T4)
Answer : A
Question : What is true for individuals of same species?
a) Live in same niche
b) Live in same habitat
c) Interbreeding
d) Live in different habitats
Answer : C
Question : In which condition, the gene ratio remains constant for any species ?
a) Sexual selection
b) Random mating
c) Mutation
d) Gene flow
Answer : B
Question : Which of the following is a correct pair?
a) Cuscuta — Parasite
b) Dischidia — Insectivorous
c) Opuntia — Predator
d) Capsella —Hydrophyte
Answer : A
Question : Two different species cannot live for long duration in the same niche or habitat. This law is
a) Allen’s law
b) Gause’s hypothesis
c) Dollo’srule
d) Weismann’s theory
Answer : B
Question : Which of the following is most important for speciation?
a) Seasonal isolation
b) Reproductive isolation
c) Behavioural isolation
d) Tropical Isolation
Answer : B
Question : Reason of fast speciation in present day crop plants is
a) mutation
b) isolation
c) polyploidy
d) sexual reproduction
Answer : C
Question : Mycorrhiza is an example of
a) endoparasitism
b) decomposers
c) symbiotic relationship
d) ectoparasitism
Answer : C
Question : Escherichia coli is used as an indicator or- ganism to determine pollution of water with
a) industrial effluents
b) pollen of aquatic plants
c) heavy metals
d) faecal matter
Answer : D
Question : Species are considered as
a) artificial concept of human mind which cannot be defined in absolute terms
b) real units of classification devised by taxonomists
c) real basic units of classification
d) the lowest units of classification
Answer : C
Question : What is a keystone species ?
a) A species which makes up only a small proportion of the total biomass of a community, yet has a huge impact on the community’s organization and survival
b) A common species that has plenty of biomass, yet has a fairly low impact on the community’s organization
c) A rare species that has minimal impact on the biomass and on other species in the community
d) A dominant species that constitutes a large proportion of the biomass and which affects many other species
Answer : A
Question : Which of the following is expected to have the highest value (gm/m2/yr) in a grass- land ecosystem?
a) Secondary Production (SP)
b) Tertiary Production (TP)
c) Gross Production (GP)
d) Net Production (NP)
Answer : C
Question : An ecosystem which can be easily damaged but can recover after some time if damaging effect stops, will be having
a) low stability and high resilience
b) high stability and low resilience
c) low stability and low resilience
d) high stability and high resilience
Answer : A
Question : Lichens are well known combination of an alga and a fungus where fungus has
a) a saprophytic relationship with the alga
b) an epiphytic relationship with the alga
c) a parasitic relationship with the alga
d) a symbiotic relationship with the alga
Answer : D
Question : There exists a close association between the alga and the fungus within a lichen. The fun- gus
a) provides protection, anchorage and absorption for the alga
b) provides food for the alga
c) fixes the atmospheric nitrogen for the alga
d) release oxygen for the alga
Answer : A
Question : Animals have the innate ability to escape from predation. Examples for the same are given below. Select the incorrect example
a) enlargement of body size by swallowing air in puffer fish
b) melanism in moths
c) poison fangs in snakes
d) colour change in Chamaeleon
Answer : C
Question : Which one of the following pairs is mis- matched ?
a) Savanna —Acacia trees
b) Prairie — Epiphytes
c) Tundra — Permafrost
d) Coniferous forest — Evergreen trees
Answer : B
Question : Praying mantis is a good example of
a) warning colouration
b) social insects
c) camouflage
d) Mullerian mimicry
Answer : C
Question : Which of the following is not true for a spe- cies?
a) Members of a species can interbreed
b) Variations occur among members of a species
c) Each species is reproductively isolated from every other species
d) Gene flow does not occur between the populations of a species
Answer : D
Question : Which one of the following is not used for construction of ecological pyramids?
a) Dry weight
b) Number of individuals
c) Rate of energy flow
d) Fresh weight
Answer : D
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