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NCERT Book for Class 10 Social Science The Making Of Nationalism In Europe
Class 10 Social Science students should refer to the following NCERT Book The Making Of Nationalism In Europe in Class 10. This NCERT Book for Class 10 Social Science will be very useful for exams and help you to score good marks
The Making Of Nationalism In Europe NCERT Book Class 10
The Making of Nationalism in Europe
If you look at the map of mid-eighteenth-century Europe you will find that there were no ‘nation-states’ as we know them today. What we know today as Germany, Italy and Switzerland were divided into kingdoms, duchies and cantons whose rulers had their autonomous territories. Eastern and Central Europe were under autocratic monarchies within the territories of which lived diverse peoples. They did not see themselves as sharing a collective identity or a common culture. Often, they even spoke different languages and belonged to different ethnic groups.
The Habsburg Empire that ruled over Austria-Hungary, for example, was a patchwork of many different regions and peoples. It included the Alpine regions – the Tyrol, Austria and the Sudetenland – as well as Bohemia, where the aristocracy was predominantly German-speaking. It also included the Italian-speaking provinces of Lombardy and Venetia. In Hungary, half of the population spoke Magyar while the other half spoke a variety of dialects. In Galicia, the aristocracy spoke Polish. Besides these three dominant groups, there also lived within the boundaries of the empire, a mass of subject peasant peoples –Bohemians and Slovaks to the north, Slovenes in Carniola, Croats to the south, and Roumans to the east in Transylvania. Such differences did not easily promote a sense of political unity. The only tie binding these diverse groups together was a common allegiance to the emperor. How did nationalism and the idea of the nation-state emerge?
2.1 The Aristocracy and the New Middle Class
Socially and politically, a landed aristocracy was the dominant class on the continent. The members of this class were united by a common way of life that cut across regional divisions. They owned estates in the countryside and also town-houses. They spoke French for purposes of diplomacy and in high society. Their families were often connected by ties of marriage. This powerful aristocracy was, however, numerically a small group. The majority of the population was made up of the peasantry. To the west, the bulk of the land was farmed by tenants and small owners, while in Eastern and Central Europe the pattern of landholding was characterised by vast estates which were cultivated by serfs
In Western and parts of Central Europe the growth of industrial production and trade meant the growth of towns and the emergence of commercial classes whose existence was based on production for the market. Industrialisation began in England in the second half of the eighteenth century, but in France and parts of the German states it occurred only during the nineteenth century. In its wake, new social groups came into being: a working-class population, and middle classes made up of industrialists, businessmen, professionals. In Central and Eastern Europe these groups were smaller in number till late nineteenth century. It was among the educated, liberal middle classes that ideas of national unity following the abolition of aristocratic privileges gained popularity.
2.2 What did Liberal Nationalism Stand for?
Ideas of national unity in early-nineteenth-century Europe were closely allied to the ideology of liberalism. The term ‘liberalism’ derives from the Latin root liber, meaning free. For the new middle classes liberalism stood for freedom for the individual and equality of all before the law. Politically, it emphasised the concept of government by consent. Since the French Revolution, liberalism had stood for the end of autocracy and clerical privileges, a constitution and representative government through parliament. Nineteenth-century liberals also stressed the inviolability of private property.
Yet, equality before the law did not necessarily stand for universal suffrage. You will recall that in revolutionary France, which marked the first political experiment in liberal democracy, the right to vote and to get elected was granted exclusively to property-owning men. Men without property and all women were excluded from politicalrights. Only for a brief period under the Jacobins did all adult males enjoy suffrage. However, the Napoleonic Code went back to limited suffrage and reduced women to the status of a minor, subject to the authority of fathers and husbands.
Please refer to attached file for NCERT Class 10 History The Making of Nationalism in Europe
NCERT Class 10 Economics Contemporary India Resources and Development |
NCERT Class 10 Economics Contemporary India Forest and Wildlife Resources |
NCERT Class 10 Economics Contemporary India Water Resources |
NCERT Class 10 Economics Contemporary India Agriculture |
NCERT Class 10 Economics Contemporary India Minerals and Energy Resources |
NCERT Class 10 Economics Contemporary India Manufacturing Industries |
NCERT Class 10 Economics Contemporary India Lifelines of National Economy |
NCERT Class 10 Political Science Power Sharing |
NCERT Class 10 Political Science Federalism |
NCERT Class 10 Political Science Democracy and Diversity |
NCERT Class 10 Political Science Gender Religion and Caste |
NCERT Class 10 Political Science Popular Struggles and Movements |
NCERT Class 10 Political Science Political Parties |
NCERT Class 10 Political Science Outcomes of Democracy |
NCERT Class 10 Political Science Challenges to Democracy |
NCERT Class 10 History The Rise of Nationalism in Europe |
NCERT Class 10 History Nationalism in India |
NCERT Class 10 History The Making of a Global World |
NCERT Class 10 History The Age of Industrialisation |
NCERT Class 10 Economics Development |
NCERT Class 10 Economics Sectors Of The Indian Economy |
NCERT Class 10 Economics Money And Credit |
NCERT Class 10 Economics Globalisation And The Indian Economy |
NCERT Class 10 Economics Consumer Rights |
Social Science NCERT Book Class 10 The Making Of Nationalism In Europe
The above NCERT Books for Class 10 Social Science The Making Of Nationalism In Europe have been published by NCERT for latest academic session. The textbook by NCERT for The Making Of Nationalism In Europe Social Science Class 10 is being used by various schools and almost all education boards in India. Teachers have always recommended students to refer to The Making Of Nationalism In Europe NCERT etextbooks as the exams for Class 10 Social Science are always asked as per the syllabus defined in these ebooks. These Class 10 The Making Of Nationalism In Europe book for Social Science also includes collection of question. We have also provided NCERT solutions for Class 10 Social Science which have been developed by teachers of StudiesToday.com after thorough review of the latest book and based on pattern of questions in upcoming exams for Class 10 students.
NCERT Book Class 10 Social Science The Making Of Nationalism In Europe
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The Making Of Nationalism In Europe NCERT Book Class 10 Social Science
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Class 10 Social Science The Making Of Nationalism In Europe NCERT Book
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Class 10 The Making Of Nationalism In Europe NCERT Book Social Science
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