NCERT Class 7 History Eighteenth Century Political Formations

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NCERT Book for Class 7 Social Science Our Pasts II Chapter 10 Eighteenth Century Political Formations

Class 7 Social Science students should refer to the following NCERT Book Our Pasts II Chapter 10 Eighteenth Century Political Formations in Class 7. This NCERT Book for Class 7 Social Science will be very useful for exams and help you to score good marks

Our Pasts II Chapter 10 Eighteenth Century Political Formations NCERT Book Class 7

EIGHTEENTH-CENTURY POLITICAL FORMATIONS

If you look at Maps 1 and 2 closely, you will see something significant happening in the subcontinent during the first half of the eighteenth century. Notice how the boundaries of the Mughal Empire were reshaped by the emergence of a number of independent kingdoms. By 1765, notice how another power, the British, had successfully grabbed major chunks of territory in eastern India. What these maps tell us is that political conditions in eighteenthcentury India changedquite dramatically and within a relatively short span of time.  In this chapter wewill read about the emergence of new political groups in the subcontinent during the first half of the eighteenth century – roughly from 1707, when Aurangzeb died, till the third battle of Panipat in 1761.

The Crisis of the Empire and the Later Mughals In Chapter 4 you saw how the Mughal Empire reached the height of its success and started facing a variety of crises towards the closing years of the seventeenth century. These were caused by a number of factors. Emperor Aurangzeb had depleted the military and financial resources of his empire by fighting a long war in the Deccan.

Under his successors, the efficiency of the imperial administration broke down. It became increasingly difficult for the later Mughal emperors to keep a check on their powerful mansabdars. Nobles appointed as governors (subadars) often controlled the offices of revenue and military administration (diwani and faujdari) as well. This gave them extraordinary political, economic and military powers over vast regions of the Mughal Empire. As the governors consolidated their control over the provinces, the periodic remission of revenue to the capital declined.

Peasant and zamindari rebellions in many parts of northern and western India added to these problems. These revolts were sometimes caused by the pressures of mounting taxes. At other times they were attempts by powerful chieftains to consolidate their own positions. Mughal authority had been challenged by rebellious groups in the past as well. But these groups were now able to seize the economic resources of the region to consolidate their positions. The Mughal emperors after Aurangzeb were unable to arrest the gradual shifting of political and economic authority into the hands of provincial governors, local chieftains and other groups.

Let’s recall

1. Fill in the blanks:

(a) Aurangzeb fought a protracted war in the _______________________.

(b) Umara and jagirdars constituted powerful sections of the Mughal ____.

(c) Asaf Jah was given charge of the Deccan subadari in ______________.

(d) The founder of the Awadh nawabi was __________________________.

2. State whether true or false:

(a) Nadir Shah invaded Bengal.

(b) Sawai Raja Jai Singh was the ruler of Indore.

(c) Guru Gobind Singh was the tenth Guru of the Sikhs.

(d) Poona became the capital of the Marathas in the eighteenth century.

3. What were the offices held by Sa‘adat Khan?

Let’s discuss

4. Why did the Nawabs of Awadh and Bengal try to do away with the jagirdari system?

5. How were the Sikhs organised in the eighteenth century?

6. Why did the Marathas want to expand beyond the Deccan?

7. What were the policies adopted by Asaf Jah to strengthen his position?

8. Do you think merchants and bankers today have the kind of influence they had in the eighteenth century? 

9. Did any of the kingdoms mentioned in this chapter develop in your state? If so, in what ways do you think life in the state would have been different inthe eighteenth century from what it is in the twentyfirst century?


Please refer to attached file for NCERT Class 7 History Eighteenth-Century Political Formations

Our Environment Chapter 01 Environment
NCERT Class 7 Geography Environment
Our Environment Chapter 02 Inside Our Earth
NCERT Class 7 Geography Inside Our Earth
Our Environment Chapter 03 Our Changing Earth
NCERT Class 7 Geography Our Changing Earth
Our Environment Chapter 04 Air
NCERT Class 7 Geography Air
Our Environment Chapter 05 Water
NCERT Class 7 Geography Water
Our Environment Chapter 06 Natural Vegetation and Wild Life
NCERT Class 7 Geography Natural Vegetation and Wild Life
Our Environment Chapter 07 Human Environment
NCERT Class 7 Geography Human Environment
Our Environment Chapter 08 Human Environment Interactions
NCERT Class 7 Geography Human Environment Interactions
Our Environment Chapter 09 Life in the Deserts
NCERT Class 7 Geography Life in the Deserts
Our Pasts II Chapter 01 Tracing Changes Through a Thousand Years
NCERT Class 7 History Tracing Changes Through a Thousand Years
Our Pasts II Chapter 02 New Kings and Kingdoms
NCERT Class 7 History New Kings And Kingdoms
Our Pasts II Chapter 03 The Delhi Sultans
NCERT Class 7 History The Delhi Sultans
Our Pasts II Chapter 04 The Mughal Empire
NCERT Class 7 History Our Pasts 2 The Mughal Empire
Our Pasts II Chapter 05 Rulers And Buildings
NCERT Class 7 History Rulers And Buildings
Our Pasts II Chapter 06 Towns, Traders And Craftspersons
NCERT Class 7 History Towns Traders And Craftsperson
Our Pasts II Chapter 07 Tribes, Nomads And Settled Communities
NCERT Class 7 History Tribes Nomads
Our Pasts II Chapter 08 Devotional Paths To The Divine
NCERT Class 7 History Devotional Paths
Our Pasts II Chapter 09 The Making Of Regional Cultures
NCERT Class 7 History The Making Of Regional Cultures
Our Pasts II Chapter 10 Eighteenth Century Political Formations
NCERT Class 7 History Eighteenth Century Political Formations
Social and Political Life-II Chapter 01 On Equality
NCERT Class 7 Civics Equality in Indian Democracy
Social and Political Life-II Chapter 02 Role of the Government in Health
NCERT Class 7 Civics State Government
Social and Political Life-II Chapter 03 How the State Government Works
NCERT Class 7 Civics How the State Government Works
Social and Political Life-II Chapter 04 Growing up as Boys and Girls
NCERT Class 7 Civics Gender
Social and Political Life-II Chapter 05 Women Change the World
NCERT Class 7 Civics Women Change the World
Social and Political Life-II Chapter 06 Understanding Media
NCERT Class 7 Civics Media and Advertising
Social and Political Life-II Chapter 07 Markets Around Us
NCERT Class 7 Civics Markets Around Us
Social and Political Life-II Chapter 08 A Shirt in the Market
NCERT Class 7 Civics A Shirt in the Market
Social and Political Life-II Chapter 09 Struggles for Equality
NCERT Class 7 Civics Struggles For Equality

Social Science NCERT Book Class 7 Our Pasts II Chapter 10 Eighteenth Century Political Formations

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NCERT Book Class 7 Social Science Our Pasts II Chapter 10 Eighteenth Century Political Formations

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Our Pasts II Chapter 10 Eighteenth Century Political Formations NCERT Book Class 7 Social Science

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Class 7 Our Pasts II Chapter 10 Eighteenth Century Political Formations NCERT Book Social Science

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